“…In this context, several neurotransmitters have been implicated mediating nociception, for instance, opioids (Yaksh and Noueihed, 1985; Jensen and Yaksh, 1989; Cornelio and Nunes-de-Souza, 2009; Morgan et al, 2014), glutamate (Yaksh and Noueihed, 1985; Palazzo et al, 2013; Wilson-Poe et al, 2013), serotonin (Eschalier et al, 1989; Baptista-de-Souza et al, 2014; de Freitas et al, 2014), and endocannabinoids (Meng et al, 1998; Suplita et al, 2005; Olango et al, 2012). More recently, vanilloid compounds, which are known to activate the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid – type 1 (TRPV1) channels, emerged as an important neurotransmission system modulating nociception (e.g., McGaraughty et al, 2003; Starowicz et al, 2007; Mascarenhas et al, 2015). …”