Role of Video Games in Improving Health-Related Outcomes

Primack, Brian A.; Carroll, Mary V.; McNamara, Megan; Klem, Mary Lou; King, Brandy E.; Rich, Michael; Chan, C.W.; Nayak, Smita

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.02.023

Cited by 406 publications

(263 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Exercise through video games, socalled exergames, is used progressively more to increase physical activity and improve health and physical function in older adults (1,(3)(4)(5), and there is growing interest in using exergames as a potential rehabilitation tool to facilitate specific exercises in different clinical groups (6)(7)(8). Studies suggest that exergaming promotes improvements in mobility (9,10), muscular strength of the lower limbs (11), balance control (2,12,13), and cognition (14) in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of technologies, safety and efficacy

Skjæret

Nawaz

Morat

et al. 2016

International Journal of Medical Informatics

291

202

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Background: There has been a rapid increase in research on the use of virtual reality (VR) and gaming technology as a complementary tool in exercise and rehabilitation in the elderly population. Although a few recent studies have evaluated their efficacy, there is currently no in-depth description and discussion of different game technologies, physical functions targeted, and safety issues related to older adults playing exergames. Objectives: This integrative review provides an overview of the technologies and games used, progression, safety measurements and associated adverse events, adherence to exergaming, outcome measures used, and their effect on physical function. Methods: We undertook systematic searches of SCOPUS and PubMed databases. Key search terms included "game", "exercise", and "aged", and were adapted to each database. To be included, studies had to involve older adults aged 65 years or above, have a pre-post training or intervention design, include ICT-implemented games with weight-bearing exercises, and have outcome measures that included physical activity variables and/or clinical tests of physical function. Results: Sixty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The studies had a broad range of aims and intervention designs and mostly focused on community-dwelling healthy older adults. The majority of the studies used commercially available gaming technologies that targeted a number of different physical functions. Most studies reported that they had used some form of safety measure during intervention. None of the studies reported serious adverse events. However, only 21 studies (35%) reported on whether adverse events occurred. Twenty-four studies reported on adherence, but only seven studies (12%) compared adherence to exergaming with other forms of exercise. Clinical measures of balance were the most frequently used outcome measures. PEDro scores indicated that most studies had several methodological problems, with only 4 studies fulfilling 6 or more criteria out of 10. Several studies found positive effects of exergaming on balance and gait, while none reported negative effects. 2 function in older adults, with few reported adverse events. As there is large variability between studies in terms of intervention protocols and outcome measures, as well as several methodological limitations, recommendations for both practice and further research are provided in order to successfully establish exergames as an exercise and rehabilitation tool for older adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of technologies, safety and efficacy

Skjæret

Nawaz

Morat

et al. 2016

International Journal of Medical Informatics

291

202

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“…Internet addiction, for example, appeared in the medical literature in 1995 2 . Problematic/addictive use of video games has been mentioned more recently, although games have been studied for decades in relation to other topics in user behavior such as aggression/violent content, education and therapeutic use [3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet and video game addictions: a cognitive behavioral approach

Lemos¹,

Abreu²,

Sougey³

2014

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Background: While several benefits are attributed to the Internet and video games, an important proportion of the population presents symptoms related to possible new technological addictions and there has been little discussion of treatment of problematic technology use. Although demand for knowledge is growing, only a small number of treatments have been described. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature, to establish Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a possible strategy for treating Internet and video game addictions. Method: The review was conducted in the following databases: Science Direct on Line, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Clinical Trials Library, BVS and SciELO. The keywords used were: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; therapy; treatment; with association to the terms Internet addiction and video game addiction. Given the scarcity of studies in the field, no restrictions to the minimum period of publication were made, so that articles found until October 2013 were accounted. Results: Out of 72 articles found, 23 described CBT as a psychotherapy for Internet and video game addiction. The manuscripts showed the existence of case studies and protocols with satisfactory efficacy. Discussion: Despite the novelty of technological dependencies, CBT seems to be applicable and allows an effective treatment for this population.

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“…Video gaming begins in early childhood and continues through adulthood [2,3]. Video games can be a modality for instruction and clinical intervention [4,5], when written for these purposes. Video games facilitate cognitive development [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Genre-Specific Investigation of Video Game Engagement and Problem Play in the Early Life Course

2013

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Video games are an indelible part of the modern American early life course. A 2008 Pew Research Center survey found 99% of males and 94% of females' ages 12-17 play video games [1]. Video gaming begins in early childhood and continues through adulthood [2,3]. Video games can be a modality for instruction and clinical intervention [4,5], when written for these purposes. Video games facilitate cognitive development [6]. They provide experiences of freedom and competence [7], opportunities to socialize, a sense of mastery, a medium for identity development, and -not least -fun [8]. Video games focus attention in ways that are palliative for and mood disorders [9-11].There are also potential "downsides" to video gaming. It is hard to ignore that there is some association between violent entertainment video games and aggression, although the strong and deterministic connections often made in popular discourse (e.g., in the aftermath of school shootings) are probably not supported by the evidence [12,13]. Another issue, which is explored in research [14], addressed in clinical settings [15,16], and identified with by players themselves [17], is subjective experiences of video game "addiction. " It is usually referred to as "Problem Video Game Play" (PVGP) or by similar terms to make it possible to discuss the phenomenon without implying a position about its status as a "real" addiction [18,19].Given these connections between video games and health, there is naturally some interest in how video gaming behavior develops over time. One concept that may be useful for addressing this question is "role incompatibility. " Role incompatibility has been used to explain the curvilinear relationship between substance use and age through the early life course [20]. From a role incompatibility perspective, substance use rises through adolescence and peaks during emerging adulthood as youth discover substances' potential for regulating negative emotions through usual adolescent experimentation and then use them explicitly for this purpose in emerging adulthood as a way of coping with stresses of identity development and experimentation with adult roles [21]. As emerging adults become young adults settled into adult roles with respect to school, work, and relationships, competing demands of those roles make previous use levels untenable and substance use decreases [22]. One study of the relationship between several video gaming indicators and age found a similar "role incompatibility" effect as several indicators of video game play (including PVGP) were observed to rise through childhood, peak in late adolescence, and either level off or fall through emerging adulthood, with an observed decrease in school/ work night video game play through emerging adulthood statistically explained by entry into higher education and full-time employment [23]. Consistent with expectations under a role incompatibility perspective, other studies found that middle school students intentionally use video games to regulate negative emotions and PVGP sign...

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Role of Video Games in Improving Health-Related Outcomes

Cited by 406 publications

References 67 publications

Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of technologies, safety and efficacy

Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of technologies, safety and efficacy

Internet and video game addictions: a cognitive behavioral approach

A Genre-Specific Investigation of Video Game Engagement and Problem Play in the Early Life Course

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