Role of Vitamin D in Liver Disease and Complications of Advanced Chronic Liver Disease

Ravaioli, Federico; Pivetti, Alessandra; Marco, Lorenza Di; Chrysanthi, Christou; Frassanito, Gabriella; Pambianco, Martina; Sicuro, Chiara; Gualandi, Noemi; Guasconi, Tomas; Pecchini, Maddalena; Colecchia, Antonio

doi:10.3390/ijms23169016

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…In addition, low serum 25(oH)d levels have been reported to be connected to components of the metabolic syndrome [ 264 ]. Significant evidence suggests an association between low serum 25(OH)D and NAFLD [ 265 ]; hypovitaminosis D is firmly and independently related to NAFLD in the normal adult population without altered liver enzymes [ 266 ].…”

Section: Bone Density Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteosarcopenia in NAFLD/MAFLD: An Underappreciated Clinical Problem in Chronic Liver Disease

Musio

Perazza

Leoni

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Chronic liver disease (CLD), including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its advanced form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), affects a significant portion of the population worldwide. NAFLD is characterised by fat accumulation in the liver, while NASH is associated with inflammation and liver damage. Osteosarcopenia, which combines muscle and bone mass loss, is an emerging clinical problem in chronic liver disease that is often underappreciated. The reductions in muscle and bone mass share several common pathophysiological pathways; insulin resistance and chronic systemic inflammation are the most crucial predisposing factors and are related to the presence and gravity of NAFLD and to the worsening of the outcome of liver disease. This article explores the relationship between osteosarcopenia and NAFLD/MAFLD, focusing on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of this condition in patients with CLD.

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Section: Bone Density Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteosarcopenia in NAFLD/MAFLD: An Underappreciated Clinical Problem in Chronic Liver Disease

Musio

Perazza

Leoni

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“… Graphical summary of the activation of vitamin D and vitamin D analogues by the 1- and 25-hydroxylases and potential triggers that may lead to enzyme dysfunction. In hepatic insufficiency or due to the influence of certain drugs, the function of 25-hydroxylases can be impaired [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Renal insufficiency, elevated FGF23 levels, and decreased estrogen levels may affect the functionality of 1-hydroxylase [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Its Analogues: From Differences in Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Benefits of Adapted Use in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Thiel

Hermanns²,

Lauer

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Lifestyle habits and insufficient sunlight exposure lead to a high prevalence of vitamin D hypovitaminosis, especially in the elderly. Recent studies suggest that in central Europe more than 50% of people over 60 years are not sufficiently supplied with vitamin D. Since vitamin D hypovitaminosis is associated with many diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vitamin D supplementation seems to be particularly useful for this vulnerable age population. Importantly, in addition to vitamin D, several analogues are known and used for different medical purposes. These vitamin D analogues differ not only in their pharmacokinetics and binding affinity to the vitamin D receptor, but also in their potential side effects. Here, we discuss these aspects, especially those of the commonly used vitamin D analogues alfacalcidol, paricalcitol, doxercalciferol, tacalcitol, calcipotriol, and eldecalcitol. In addition to their pleiotropic effects on mechanisms relevant to AD, potential effects of vitamin D analogues on comorbidities common in the context of geriatric diseases are summarized. AD is defined as a complex neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system and is commonly represented in the elderly population. It is usually caused by extracellular accumulation of amyloidogenic plaques, consisting of amyloid (Aβ) peptides. Furthermore, the formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles involving hyperphosphorylated tau proteins contributes to the pathology of AD. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the importance of an adequate vitamin D supply and discusses the specifics of administering various vitamin D analogues compared with vitamin D in geriatric patients, especially those suffering from AD.

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“…Animal proteins are rich in aromatic amino acids not metabolised by skeletal muscle and may worsen HE if present. In the case of the ACLD patient who expresses a preference for different dietary habits, it is acceptable to make changes to prioritise their overall daily protein intake rather than focusing exclusively on exact proportions [35,36].…”

Section: Nutritional Requirements In Liver Cirrhosis Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Power of Late-Evening Snacks: Practical Ready-to-Prescribe Chart Menu for Patients with Cirrhosis

et al. 2023

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The efficacy of the late-evening snack (LES) has been extensively studied due to the impact of the longest intermeal duration occurring at night in patients with cirrhosis. While actual clinical guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease recommend an LES, no specific nutritional compositions have been reported by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Late-evening snacks vary greatly among studies, including natural foods and/or nutritional supplements, yet oral supplements still need to fully meet the LES’s nutritional composition. In addition, many hepatologists need to gain experience in nutritional approaches and have access to registered dieticians who can help them manage patients with liver disease. Therefore, this review study aims to summarise evidence regarding using LESs and the mechanisms behind long starvation in patients with cirrhosis. It also provides a practical nutritional guide with several LES options based on common natural foods tailored to special patients’ nutritional requirements and geographical backgrounds. In preventing accelerated starvation and related protein malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis, the nutritional composition of LESs is essential. The proper and straightforward application of the LES’s rational nutrition is an advantage to cirrhotic patients and should be carried out by healthcare professionals to enhance the overall liver function and nutritional status of patients with cirrhosis.

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Role of Vitamin D in Liver Disease and Complications of Advanced Chronic Liver Disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 152 publications

Osteosarcopenia in NAFLD/MAFLD: An Underappreciated Clinical Problem in Chronic Liver Disease

Osteosarcopenia in NAFLD/MAFLD: An Underappreciated Clinical Problem in Chronic Liver Disease

Vitamin D and Its Analogues: From Differences in Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Benefits of Adapted Use in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Unlocking the Power of Late-Evening Snacks: Practical Ready-to-Prescribe Chart Menu for Patients with Cirrhosis

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