Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection

Torre, Maria Ester La; Villano, Ines; Monda, Marcellino; Messina, Antonietta; Cibelli, Giuseppe; Valenzano, Anna; Pisanelli, Daniela; Panaro, Maria Antonietta; Tartaglia, Nicola; Ambrosi, Antonio; Carotenuto, Marco; Monda, Vincenzo; Porro, Chiara

doi:10.3390/brainsci11081098

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…One clinical study carried out to lower the effect of cisplatin chemotherapy neurotoxicity, the supplementation with vitamin E (alpha tocopherol) has shown lower level of neurotoxicity, which indicates that vitamin E plays a neuroprotective role [42] even when the cause of neurotoxicity could be other than mild cognitive impairment. The findings of Gugliandolo et al ( 2017) have reported similar physiological responses of Vitamin E on MCI [43][44][45]. Another study by Kaneai et al, indicated that vitamin E offers some neuroprotective benefits by improving neurotransmission [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Role of Vitamin E in Slowing Down Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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With the aging population, dementia emerges as a public health concern. In 2012, the Health and Retirement Study found that 8.8% of adults over 65 years suffered from dementia. The etiopathogenesis and treatment of dementia are not well understood. Antioxidant properties of Vitamin E and its major elements tocopherols and tocotrienols have been reported to be effective in slowing down the progression of dementia from its initial stage of Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, the current review aims to explore the role of vitamin E on MCI. A literature search using the key words “Vitamin E, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and mild cognitive impairment” was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were: (1) articles published in the past ten years; (2) published in English language; (3) published in peer-reviewed journals; and (4) descriptive and epidemiological or evaluation studies. Articles published prior to 2010, focused on other forms of dementia than MCI, grey literature and non-peer-reviewed articles were excluded. A total of 22 studies were included in the narrative synthesis. The results were equivocal. Eleven studies showed some level of the neuroprotective effect of Vitamin E, tocopherols and tocotrienols on the progression of MCI. The mixed results of this review suggest further exploration of the possible protective effects of Vitamin E on the development of dementia. Future studies can be conducted to decipher antioxidant properties of vitamin E and its association with slowing down the cognitive decline.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Role of Vitamin E in Slowing Down Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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“…For example, thyme, turmeric, coriander and beetroot juice are excellent sources of vitamin C [146]. Vitamin E is also an important antioxidant molecule, especially in relation to alpha-tocopherol, and many studies analyzing its fundamental effects have been conducted, especially on the brain and nervous system, aiming for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases [147,148]. Tocopherols are mainly found in edible oils, such as corn, soy, sesame and rapeseed (canola) oils, or in walnuts [149].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Foods To Prevent Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Nutrition in Lung Cancer Establishment and Progression

Porro

Torre

Tartaglia

et al. 2022

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Lung cancer is a devastating disease with a high incidence and low survival rates, so recent studies have focused on analyzing the risk factors that might prevent this disease from developing or have protective/therapeutic effects. Nutrition is an important key factor in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. Various factors appear to be involved in the development of the latter, such as cigarette smoking or certain external environmental factors. The increase in oxidative stress is therefore an integral part of the carcinogenesis process. The biological role of bioactive factors derived from adipose tissue, mainly adipokines, is implicated in various cancers, and an increasing body of evidence has shown that certain adipocytokines contribute to the development, progression and prognosis of lung cancer. Not all adipokines stimulate tumor growth; in fact, adiponectin inhibits carcinogenesis by regulating both cell growth and the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Adiponectin expression is deregulated in several cancer types. Many nutritional factors have been shown to increase adiponectin levels and therefore could be used as a new therapeutic strategy for combating lung cancer. In addition, foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties play a key role in the prevention of many human diseases, including lung cancer. The purpose of this review is to analyze the role of diet in lung cancer in order to recommend dietary habit and lifestyle changes to prevent or treat this pathology.

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“…Furthermore, the effects of vitamin E (Tts reach fraction and α-Toc) in protecting astrocytes against glutamate injury acted as a potent antioxidant agent in recovering mitochondrial injury due to elevated oxidative stress [75]. The neuroprotective effects of vitamin E, especially those of tocotrienols, have also been well documented in many other in vitro and in vivo studies [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]76]. Thus, based on the available results, it seems legitimate to infer a protective effect of vitamin E expressed in the reduction of the release of LDH induced by H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Neuroprotective Activity Of Tocochromanolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activity of Vitamin E Homologues: In Vitro Study

et al. 2022

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Here we present comparative data on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by a variety of tocochromanols in liposomes. We also show for the first time the potential neuroprotective role of all the vitamin E homologues investigated on the neuronally differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. α-Tocopherol had nearly no effect in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, while β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols inhibited the reaction completely when it was initiated in a lipid phase. Similar effects were observed for tocotrienol homologues. Moreover, in this respect plastochromanol-8 was as effective as β-, γ-, and δ-tocochromanols. When the prenyllipids were investigated in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and incorporated into different lipid carriers, the radical oxidation was most pronounced in liposomes, followed by mixed micelles and the micellar system. When the reaction of tocochromanols was examined in niosomes, the oxidation was most pronounced for α-tocopherol and plastochromanol-8, followed by α-tocotrienol. Next, using retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, we tested the protective effects of the compounds investigated on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell damage. We showed that tocotrienols were more active than tocopherols in the oxidative stress model. Plastochromanol-8 had a strong inhibitory effect on H2O2-induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and H2O2-induced decrease in cell viability. The water-soluble α-tocopherol phosphate had neuroprotective effects at all the concentrations analyzed. The results clearly indicate that structural differences between vitamin E homologues reflect their different biological activity and indicate their potential application in pharmacological treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. In this respect, the application of optimal tocochromanol-carrying structures might be critical.

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Role of Vitamin E and the Orexin System in Neuroprotection

Cited by 21 publications

References 164 publications

The Role of Vitamin E in Slowing Down Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review

The Role of Vitamin E in Slowing Down Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review

The Potential Role of Nutrition in Lung Cancer Establishment and Progression

Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activity of Vitamin E Homologues: In Vitro Study

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