Roles and competencies of nurses and physicians in shared decision‐making in cardiac surgery: A scoping review

Abstract

AimIdentification and synthesis of research data related to the roles and competencies of physicians and nurses that are prerequisites for careful shared decision‐making with patients potentially undergoing cardiac surgery.DesignA scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from inception dates up to March 2022, to identify primary studies published in a peer‐reviewed journal. Study selection, assessment of the methodological quality and data extracting of the included studies were done by at least two independent researchers. To describe the findings of the studies, an emergent synthesis approach was used to visualize a descriptive representation of professional roles and competencies in shared decision‐making, in an overview.ResultsThe systematic search revealed 10,055 potential papers, 8873 articles were screened on title and abstract and 76 full texts were retrieved. Eight articles were included for final evaluation. For nurses and physicians, 26 different skills were identified in the literature to practice shared decision‐making in cardiac surgery. The skills that emerged were divided into five professional roles: moderator; health educator; data collector; psychological supporter and translator.ConclusionsThis review specifies the professional roles and required competencies related to shared decision‐making in cardiac surgery. Further research is needed to compare our findings with other clinical areas and from there to arrive at a professional division of roles between the different clinical disciplines involved.ImpactThe visualization of generic shared decision‐making competencies and roles should establish the professional division of positions between various clinical physician and nurse disciplines in order to create a treatment plan based on evidence, values, preferences and the patient's personal situation.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.