Roles for the gut microbiota in regulating neuronal feeding circuits

Yu, Kristie; Hsiao, Elaine Y.

doi:10.1172/jci143772

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 179 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results point to the importance of both food consumption and gut microbiota in affecting metabolic parameters. Food intake and gut microbiota interact with each other; it has been reported that fasting, caloric restriction, and hyperphagia can alter the gut microbiome [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], whereas the microbiome can affect the vagus nerve and brain regions, which play key roles in regulating feeding behaviors [ 45 ]. Thus, in addition to the palatability of the diet, the differential effect of the green tea-supplemented diets on food intake may partially result from changes in the gut microbiota, especially in the later part of the experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Green Tea on Diabetes and Gut Microbiome in db/db Mice: Studies with Tea Extracts vs. Tea Powder

Liu

et al. 2021

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Green tea extracts and tea catechins have been shown to prevent or alleviate diabetes. The present study tests the hypothesis that green tea leaves in powder form (GTP), which also contain fiber and other water non-extractable materials, are more effective than the corresponding green tea extracts (GTE) in impeding the development of diabetes in db/db mice. Female db/db mice were treated with a diet containing 1% of GTE, 2% of GTE, 2% of GTP (with the same catechin content as 1% GTE) or 1% GTP. The 1% GTE group had lower food intake, water consumption, body weight and fasting blood glucose levels than the control group, while 2% GTP did not have any significant effect. Dietary 1% GTE also preserved β-cell insulin secretion. However, 1% GTP increased food intake, water consumption and blood glucose levels. Microbiome analysis with 16S rRNA gene V4 sequencing showed that the gut microbiota was modified by GTE and GTP, and a few bacterial guilds were associated with blood glucose levels. In the Random Forest regression model, the leading predictor of metabolic outcome was food consumption, followed by changes in some bacterial guilds. The results illustrate the importance of food consumption and gut microbiota in affecting the progression of diabetes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Green Tea on Diabetes and Gut Microbiome in db/db Mice: Studies with Tea Extracts vs. Tea Powder

Liu

et al. 2021

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The latter includes monitoring the glycolipid level and integrating it with the metabolic status of the body, which could be transformed into endocrine or neural signals, eventually modulating peripheral organs 34 . In addition, these signals could be transferred to metabolism-related encephalic regions through the MGBA, the molecular mechanisms of which have been summarized in some elegant reviews 5 , 27 , 35 , 36 .…”

Section: Gut To Brain Pathways Initiated By Intestinal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for neural signals, obesity-induced abnormal endocrine signature can act on encephalic regions, such as the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the hypothalamus or the area postrema (AP) located on the caudal brainstem, through circulation or the “enteroendocrine cells-enteric nervous system-vagus nerve” axis. This eventually damages the appetite balance and satiation monitoring within the CNS, or affects the limbic system of the midbrain, which reduces sensitivity to high-energy food, promoting the development of glycolipid metabolic disorders 27 , 35 , 36 , 57 , 58 . In addition, the intestinal hormone secretin, as well as the microbiota metabolite butyrate, improve the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT) by regulating the ANS output to maintain the metabolic balance 59 , 60 , which consolidates the dominant place of the MGBA in metabolic diseases.…”

Section: Gut To Brain Pathways Initiated By Intestinal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, intestinal microbiota-derived endocrine signals are associated with metabolic-related encephalic regions through the "enteroendocrine cells-enteric nervous system-vagus nerve" pathway 55 , 56 . The molecular pathways via the arcuate nucleus (ARC), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and the area postrema (AP) mainly control the balance of appetite, regulating the occurrence and development of obesity 27 , 35 , 36 , 57 , 58 , while these pathways could also regulate glucose uptake of the pancreas, liver through the autonomic nerve system (ANS) 64 , 65 . Notably, the central insulin resistance, which has also been proven to be pathogeny of the T2DM 66 , 67 , is also induced by the abnormal sensitivity or secretion of peripheral insulin initiated by intestinal microbiota or its metabolites 69 .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crosstalk between adipose tissue and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in metabolic diseases

Yu¹,

Wang²,

Yu³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) has emerged as a target for therapeutic innovation. Impairment of dynamic relationships within the MGBA promotes the pathological features of metabolic diseases. However, experimental data on the MGBA has limited clinical application. This review summarizes recent studies and proposes that exploring the interaction among peripheral organs and the MGBA could verify the dominant role of the latter in the onset of metabolic diseases and promote the clinical application of research outcomes. We first emphasize the molecular basis of metabolic diseases caused by MGBA disorders, which manifests as bidirectional relationship. We also summarize related therapeutic strategies, along with limitations in their clinical application. Adipose tissue (AT) is dynamic during metabolic activities and might interact with components in the MGBA. Therefore, it is interesting to explore the interplay among the MGBA and different kinds of AT, including thermogenic adipose tissue and white adipose tissue (WAT). In addition, we also evaluate the functional specificity of adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and the beige adipose tissue. Understanding the heterogeneity and molecular basis of the interaction between different kinds of AT and the MGBA could accelerate innovation in the diagnosis and therapy of metabolic diseases.

show abstract

“…As signaling transducers, the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) and the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been proved to expand their functions outside the central nervous system (CNS) and mediate the signaling with the intestine [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ketogenic Diet Improves Gut–Brain Axis in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Impact on 5-HT and BDNF Systems

Orlando

Chimienti

Notarnicola

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Altered gut–brain communication can contribute to intestinal dysfunctions in the intestinal bowel syndrome. The neuroprotective high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) modulates the levels of different neurotransmitters and neurotrophins. The aim was to evaluate the effects of KD on levels of 5-HT, the receptors 5-HT3B and 5-HT4, the 5-HT transporter SERT, the neurotrophin BDNF, and its receptor TrkB in the colon and brain of a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Samples from Wistar rats exposed to maternal deprivation as newborns and then fed with a standard diet (IBS-Std) or KD (IBS-KD) for ten weeks were analyzed. As controls, unexposed rats (Ctrl-Std and Ctrl-KD) were studied. IBS-Std rats had a disordered enteric serotoninergic signaling shown by increased mucosal 5-HT content and reduced SERT, 5-HT3B, and 5-HT4 levels compared to controls. In the brain, these animals showed up-regulation of the BDNF receptor TrkB as a counteracting response to the stress-induced reduction of the neurotrophin. KD showed a dual effect in improving the altered 5-HT and BDNF systems. It down-regulated the increased mucosal 5-HT without affecting transporter and receptor levels. KD improved brain BDNF levels and established negative feedback, leading to a compensatory downregulation of TrkB to maintain a physiological steady state.

show abstract

Roles for the gut microbiota in regulating neuronal feeding circuits

Cited by 34 publications

References 179 publications

The Effects of Green Tea on Diabetes and Gut Microbiome in db/db Mice: Studies with Tea Extracts vs. Tea Powder

The Effects of Green Tea on Diabetes and Gut Microbiome in db/db Mice: Studies with Tea Extracts vs. Tea Powder

Crosstalk between adipose tissue and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in metabolic diseases

The Ketogenic Diet Improves Gut–Brain Axis in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Impact on 5-HT and BDNF Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About