Roles of FGF8 subfamily in embryogenesis and oral‑maxillofacial diseases (Review)

Abstract

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are diffusible polypeptides released by a variety of cell types. FGF8 subfamily members regulate embryonic development processes through controlling progenitor cell growth and differentiation, and are also functional in adults in tissue repair to maintain tissue homeostasis. FGF8 family members exhibit unique binding affinities with FGF receptors and tissue distribution patterns. Increasing evidence suggests that, by regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways, alterations in the FGF8 subfamily are involved in craniofacial development, odontogenesis, tongue development and salivary gland branching morphogenesis. Aberrant FGF signaling transduction, caused by mutations as well as abnormal expression or isoform splicing, plays an important role in the development of oral diseases. Targeting FGF8 subfamily members provides a new promising strategy for the treatment of oral diseases. The aim of this review was to summarize the aberrant regulations of FGF8 subfamily members and their potential implications in oral-maxillofacial diseases. Contents

A multi-omics approach to visualize early neuronal differentiation in 4D

“…S2E ). FGF8, an anterior-posterior patterning molecule, acting mainly via EMX2 repression (Hao et al, 2019), was expressed in R4 and R6 cells and in a few Day 20 cells, mainly in R8 and R10 clusters. Furthermore, FGF17 ( Figs.…”

The role of fibroblast growth factor 8 in cartilage development and disease

“…Activation of these molecules increases the migration of chondrocytes and promotes the secretion of aggrecan and chondroitin sulphate, which increase the proliferation of chondrocytes and form positive feedback 13,28,57,60–62 . In addition, FGF‐8 also promotes chondrocyte differentiation by activating the Smad4 and BMP4‐TGF‐β signalling pathways at an early stage 22,28,54,63–65 . As the cartilage in the growth plate continues to proliferate and differentiate, the chondrocytes gradually form four layers.…”

“…FGF‐8, especially FGF‐8B, exerts different biological effects on humans by binding to different FGFR isoforms 20 . FGF‐8 family members show a unique binding affinity for FGF receptors and tissue distribution patterns 12,22,25 . In normal physiology, FGFR consists mainly of 4 members, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4, with corresponding subclasses of FGFR2 and FGFR3 8,26 .…”

Role of FGF System in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Potential Therapeutic Applications

“…FGF8 subfamily members (FGF8, 17 and 18) activate FGFR4 and FGFR1-3(IIIc). They are involved in the skeletal and brain development and in odontogenesis (8,14,(16)(17)(18). The FGF9 subfamily (FGF9, 16, 20) interacts with FGFR1-3(IIIc), FGFR3 (IIIb) and FGFR4.…”