Roles of ion channels and transporters in guard cell signal transduction

Pandey, Sona; Zhang, Wei; Assmann, Sarah M.

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.04.008

Cited by 208 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(234 reference statements)

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“…2 Current model of ion transport in guard cells, highlighting Na + -specific mechanisms. K + influx channels (KAT1, KAT2, AKT1, AKT2/3, AtKC1; Pandey et al 2007), integral to stomatal opening, can mediate Na + fluxes in some instances (Schroeder et al 1987;Schroeder 1988;Obata et al 2007), as can members of the KUP/HAK/KT family (Santa-María et al 1997;Takahashi et al 2007), although their involvement in guard cell functioning is currently speculative. Moreover, both classes of transporters can be directly inhibited by Na + (Fu and Luan 1998;Thiel and Blatt 1991).…”

Section: Sodium As a Nutrientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 illustrates, the entry of K + into guard cells, to facilitate stomatal opening, requires the engagement of potassium channels from the Shaker family (Schroeder et al 1984(Schroeder et al , 1987Schroeder 1988;Thiel et al 1992; for review, see Schroeder et al 2001;Pandey et al 2007). The Nobel-Prize-winning work on Shaker channels has furthermore provided a model, based on X-ray crystallography, of K + binding on the outside of the channel that specifically disallows the binding of Na + -according to the model, the ions are bound in their "naked", dehydrated state, and the difference in ionic radii makes it impossible for the smaller Na + ion to bind successfully to the oxygen-enriched "corners" of the channel (Doyle et al 1998;Dreyer and Uozumi 2011).…”

Section: Sodium As a Nutrientmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

et al. 2013

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Background Sodium (Na + ) is one of the most intensely researched ions in plant biology and has attained a reputation for its toxic qualities. Following the principle of Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim (Paracelsus), Na + is, however, beneficial to many species at lower levels of supply, and in some, such as certain C4 species, indeed essential. Scope Here, we review the ion's divergent roles as a nutrient and toxicant, focusing on growth responses, membrane transport, stomatal function, and paradigms of ion accumulation and sequestration. We examine connections between the nutritional and toxic roles throughout, and place special emphasis on the relationship of Na + to plant potassium (K + ) relations and homeostasis. Conclusions Our review investigates intriguing connections and disconnections between Na + nutrition and toxicity, and concludes that several leading paradigms in the field, such as on the roles of Na + influx and tissue accumulation or the cytosolic K + /Na + ratio in the development of toxicity, are currently insufficiently substantiated and require a new, critical approach.

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Section: Sodium As a Nutrientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sodium As a Nutrientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

et al. 2013

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“…27 Determining the vacuole-localized VPE in controlling stomatal closure during PTI is of great interest. Our recent study addressed this question and found that VPE is essential for elicitor-induced stomatal closure in N. benthamiana: 16 elicitors induced stomatal closure in control plants.…”

Section: Role Of Vpe In Stomatal Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity

Zhang

Zheng

2010

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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In the course of their development, plants have had to face a wide range of potential pathogens, including viral, bacterial, fungal and oomycete pathogens. Plants, unlike animals, which have specialized defender cells and an adaptive immune system, have an innate immunity of each cell and produce systemic signals emanating from the infection site. The plant innate immunity (PTI) is induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) 1 and elicitors. 2,3 However, some pathogens deliver virulence proteins that target host protein to overcome the plant immunity response. Most plants have evolved the corresponding resistance (R) protein to recognize effector activity, which will trigger plant resistance through effector-triggered immunity (ETI). 4 Natural selection drives evolution of new pathogen effector proteins and plant R proteins. This tug-of-war between plants and pathogens is represented as a zig-zag-zig model. [5][6][7] Both PTI and ETI cause stomatal closure and hypersensitive response (HR), a programmed host cell death (PCD) to limit pathogen development. 5,8 Proteases play important roles in plant innate immunity. in this mini-review, we describe the current view on the role of a plant protease, vacuolar processing enzyme (vPe), and the first identified plant caspase-1-like protein, in plant immunity. in the past several years, vPes were determined to play important roles in various types of cell death in plants. early studies demonstrated the identification of vPe as a vacuolar hydrolytic protein responsible for maturation of vacuolar proteins. Later, Nicotiana benthamiana vPe was reported to mediate virusinduced hypersensitive response by regulating membrane collapse. The ortholog of vPe in Arabidopsis is also suggested to be involved in both mycotoxin-induced cell death and developmental cell death. However, the role of vPe in elicitorsignaling is still unclear. Our recent studies demonstrated the involvement of vPe in elicitor signal transduction to induce stomatal closure and defense responses, including defense gene expression and hypersensitive cell death. Key words: hypersensitive cell death, elicitor, stomatal closure, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, plant innate immunity, programmed cell death activity. At least eight caspase activities have now been measured in plant extracts, which were found using caspase substrates, and various caspase inhibitors can block many forms of plant programmed cell death. 9 In the past several years, vacuolar-processing enzyme (VPE) has been determined to play important roles in plant immunity responses. In this review paper, I describe the current view on the role of VPE in plant immunity, based on our own research and recent developments in this field. The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity Role of VPE in PCDPlant vacuoles play fundamental roles in controlling turgor pressure, molecular degradation and storage, as well as timely execution of PCD in, e.g., plant disease resistance, tissue senescence and seed development. 10,11 A ...

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“…SLAC1 (Slow Anion ChannelAssociated 1) is a component of the S-type anion channel in Arabidopsis guard cells 14,15 . When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, SLAC1 forms a channel that is permeable to Cl À and NO 3 À , but not to HCO 3 À 23, 24 . In addition to SLAC1, Arabidopsis guard cells also express SLAH3, a second S-type anion channel 25 , which is especially important for the extrusion of NO 3 À .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stomatal movement is regulated by the transport of inorganic ions and organic metabolites across guard cell membranes [2][3][4][5][6] . Elevated CO 2 concentration activates anion channels, resulting in depolarization of plasma membrane in guard cells, causing efflux of solutes and stomatal closure [7][8][9][10] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular pathway for CO2 response in Arabidopsis guard cells

et al. 2015

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Increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels in the atmosphere have caused global metabolic changes in diverse plant species. CO 2 is not only a carbon donor for photosynthesis but also an environmental signal that regulates stomatal movements and thereby controls plant-water relationships and carbon metabolism. However, the mechanism underlying CO 2 sensing in stomatal guard cells remains unclear. Here we report characterization of Arabidopsis RESISTANT TO HIGH CO 2 (RHC1), a MATE-type transporter that links elevated CO 2 concentration to repression of HT1, a protein kinase that negatively regulates CO 2 -induced stomatal closing. We also show that HT1 phosphorylates and inactivates OST1, a kinase which is essential for the activation of the SLAC1 anion channel and stomatal closing. Combining genetic, biochemical and electrophysiological evidence, we reconstituted the molecular relay from CO 2 to SLAC1 activation, thus establishing a core pathway for CO 2 signalling in plant guard cells.

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Roles of ion channels and transporters in guard cell signal transduction

Cited by 208 publications

References 172 publications

Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity

A molecular pathway for CO2 response in Arabidopsis guard cells

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