Roles of leptin and resistin in metabolism, reproduction, and leptin resistance

Zieba, D; Biernat, Weronika; Barć, Justyna

doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106472

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition, increased adipose mass increases the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These metabolic changes in obesity are accompanied by increased secretion of leptin from adipocytes as well as leptin resistance/insensitivity [ 42 ]. In this study, we found that the levels of plasma leptin are higher in TRIF −/− mice (1175.2 ± 59.7 pg/ml) than those in TRIF +/+ mice (637.5 ± 100.8 pg/ml) ( P < 0.01) ( Figure 1(c) ) although we did not find the difference in the weight of epididymal adipose tissues between the two groups ( Figure 3(d) ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TIR-Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF) Is Involved in Glucose Metabolism in Adipose Tissue through the Insulin/AKT Signaling Pathway

Yang

Fukuchi

2020

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and other metabolic diseases. Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation in white adipose tissues, which is thought to play an essential role in developing insulin resistance. Many lines of evidence indicate that toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their downstream signaling pathways are involved in development of chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance, which are associated with obesity. Mice lacking molecules positively involved in the TLR signaling pathways are generally protected from high-fat diet-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. In this study, we have determined the effects of genetic deficiency of toll/interleukin-1 receptor-domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) on food intake, bodyweight, glucose metabolism, adipose tissue macrophage polarization, and insulin signaling in normal chow diet-fed mice to investigate the role of the TRIF-dependent TLR signaling in adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. TRIF deficiency (TRIF−/−) increased food intake and bodyweight. The significant increase in bodyweight in TRIF−/− mice was discernible as early as 24 weeks of age and sustained thereafter. TRIF−/− mice showed impaired glucose tolerance in glucose tolerance tests, but their insulin tolerance tests were similar to those in TRIF+/+ mice. Although no difference was found in the epididymal adipose mass between the two groups, the percentage of CD206+ M2 macrophages in epididymal adipose tissue decreased in TRIF−/− mice compared with those in TRIF+/+ mice. Furthermore, activation of epididymal adipose AKT in response to insulin stimulation was remarkably diminished in TRIF−/− mice compared with TRIF+/+ mice. Our results indicate that the TRIF-dependent TLR signaling contributes to maintaining insulin/AKT signaling and M2 macrophages in epididymal adipose tissue under a normal chow diet and provide new evidence that TLR4-targeted therapies for type 2 diabetes require caution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TIR-Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF) Is Involved in Glucose Metabolism in Adipose Tissue through the Insulin/AKT Signaling Pathway

Yang

Fukuchi

2020

International Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Hence, together with the current available literature detailing conflicting associations between HM leptin and infant growth trajectories, our findings cannot secure any definitive conclusions around this linkage. As previous studies have already noted (51), accounting for the interactions that leptin has with other hormones, including glucocorticoids (52) and other metabolic hormones (53,54) might be necessary to fully understand the role of leptin in relation to infant growth trajectories. Additionally, taking into consideration the possibility that HM leptin may signal maternal nutritional and metabolic status and perhaps the food availability in the environment the infant will face after weaning might also be important in order to fully understand the programming role of this metabolic hormone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Hormone Profiles in Breast Milk From Mothers of Moderate-Late Preterm Infants Are Associated With Growth From Birth to 4 Months in a Sex-Specific Manner

et al. 2021

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Background: Differing environmental conditions experienced by mother-infant dyads may influence composition of the milk received by the infant. As a consequence, diverse milk compositional profiles may contribute to different postnatal outcomes, especially in infants facing adverse perinatal environments. We investigated whether variability in milk concentrations of key metabolic hormones is associated with different growth outcomes in infants born preterm, a perinatal complication known to impact on infant growth.Methods: Human milk samples were collected from 169 mothers of 191 infants enrolled in the DIAMOND trial, a randomized trial of nutrition for moderate-late preterm infants, at 5 and 10 days postpartum and again at 4 months' corrected age and analyzed for leptin, adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. Infant weight and body composition were measured at birth, discharge and 4 months' corrected age. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine correlations between milk hormone concentrations, weight z-scores and body composition at discharge and 4 months' corrected age, and weight gain from birth to 4 months' corrected age. Sex-specific interactions were examined.Results: Higher milk IGF-1 concentrations on day 5 after birth were associated with greater infant fat-free mass at 4 months' corrected age. Milk IGF-1 concentrations at 4 months were positively associated with fat mass and fat-free mass at 4 months in boys but not girls. Milk leptin concentrations on day 5 after birth were positively associated with fat mass at discharge from hospital, but negatively associated with fat mass at 4 months' corrected age. No significant association was found for milk adiponectin concentrations.Conclusion: Milk IGF-1 and leptin concentrations in mothers of moderate-late preterm babies are associated with different growth and body composition through to 4 months' corrected age and these associations are often different in boys and girls. The sex-specific effects of nutrient and hormone exposure during early life in preterm infants warrants further investigation to optimize the nutritional care these infants receive, particularly in hospital, where the same nutrition is provided to boys and girls.

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“…In general, circulating leptin levels reflect body fat mass (Francisco et al, 2018). Leptin is also produced by other tissues, including the stomach, skeletal muscles, pituitary gland, and mammary gland (Reid et al, 2018;Inagaki-Ohara, 2019;Zieba et al, 2020). Leptin was discovered as a central regulator of systemic energy homeostasis (Ahima et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Leptin in the Digestive System

Kim

2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Leptin is a pluripotent peptide hormone produced mainly by adipocytes, as well as by other tissues such as the stomach. Leptin primarily acts on the central nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus, where this hormone regulates energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine function. Owing to this, disruption of leptin signaling has been linked with numerous pathological conditions. Recent studies have also highlighted the diverse roles of leptin in the digestive system including immune regulation, cell proliferation, tissue healing, and glucose metabolism. Of note, leptin acts differently under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we review the current knowledge on the functions of leptin and its downstream signaling in the gastrointestinal tract and accessory digestive organs, with an emphasis on its physiological and pathological implications. We also discuss the current therapeutic uses of recombinant leptin, as well as its limitations.

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Roles of leptin and resistin in metabolism, reproduction, and leptin resistance

Cited by 49 publications

References 54 publications

TIR-Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF) Is Involved in Glucose Metabolism in Adipose Tissue through the Insulin/AKT Signaling Pathway

TIR-Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF) Is Involved in Glucose Metabolism in Adipose Tissue through the Insulin/AKT Signaling Pathway

Metabolic Hormone Profiles in Breast Milk From Mothers of Moderate-Late Preterm Infants Are Associated With Growth From Birth to 4 Months in a Sex-Specific Manner

Role of Leptin in the Digestive System

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