Roles of Ni, Cr, Mn, Sn, Co, and Al in C14 Laves phase alloys for NiMH battery application

Young, K.; Ouchi, T.; Fetcenko, M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.09.146

Cited by 36 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 80 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The addition of Cr in C14 MH alloys improves cycle stability [11,131,[182][183][184][185] and charge retention [11,184,186] but decreases the HRD [11,186,187], capacity [131], and activation tendency [11]. Cr can suppress segregation of Ti, Zr, and V on the surface of MH alloys [188], retarding the oxidation of V by forming a V-based bcc solid solution secondary phase [131,189], and slowing down pulverization [190].…”

Section: Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Partial replacement of Ni by Mn increases capacity [17,186], facilitating the formation process [186], but deteriorating the cycle life of the battery because of its poor oxidation resistance [186,191] and results in micro short-circuits [192]. A high Mn-content in an alloy reduces the cycle life and charge retention because of poor oxidation resistance in the KOH electrolyte [11].…”

Section: Manganesementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of Ni greatly improves electrochemical behavior [203], HRD [11], low-temperature performance [11,202], surface exchange current [204], and cycle stability [186], but impedes charge retention [11].…”

Section: Nickelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

C14 Laves Phase Metal Hydride Alloys for Ni/MH Batteries Applications

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

C14 Laves phase alloys play a significant role in improving the performance of nickel/metal hydride batteries, which currently dominate the 1.2 V consumer-type rechargeable battery market and those for hybrid electric vehicles. In the current study, the properties of C14 Laves phase based metal hydride alloys are reviewed in relation to their electrochemical applications. Various preparation methods and failure mechanisms of the C14 Laves phase based metal hydride alloys, and the influence of all elements on the electrochemical performance, are discussed. The contributions of some commonly used constituting elements are compared to performance requirements. The importance of stoichiometry and its impact on electrochemical properties is also included. At the end, a discussion section addresses historical hurdles, previous trials, and future directions for implementing C14 Laves phase based metal hydride alloys in commercial nickel/metal hydride batteries.

show abstract

Section: Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Manganesementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

C14 Laves Phase Metal Hydride Alloys for Ni/MH Batteries Applications

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We believe that the differences in activation, degradation, and HRD originated from the composition rather than the structure. By comparing the compositions of alloys C14 and C15 (Table 4), Cr, a very important substitution element in the MH alloy for the enhancement of corrosion resistance by forming the V-Cr-based solid solution secondary phase [78,99], is absent in alloy C15. Alloy C15 also has a higher Ni-content, which is known for achieving a better HRD performance [100,101].…”

Section: Electrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys for Electrochemical Applications

Kim

Nei²,

Wan

et al. 2017

Batteries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Herein, we present a comparison of the electrochemical hydrogen-storage characteristics of two state-of-art Laves phase-based metal hydride alloys (Zr 21.5 (V and Cr) in the first composition results in an average electron density below the C14/C15 threshold ( e/a ∼ 6.9) and produces a C14-predominated structure, while the average electron density of the second composition is above the C14/C15 threshold and results in a C15-predominated structure. From a combination of variations in composition, main phase structure, and degree of homogeneity, the C14-predominated alloy exhibits higher storage capacities (in both the gaseous phase and electrochemical environment), a slower activation, inferior high-rate discharge, and low-temperature performances, and a better cycle stability compared to the C15-predominated alloy. The superiority in high-rate dischargeability in the C15-predominated alloy is mainly due to its larger reactive surface area. Annealing of the C15-predominated alloy eliminates the ZrNi secondary phase completely and changes the composition of the La-containing secondary phase. While the former change sacrifices the synergetic effects, and degrades the hydrogen storage performance, the latter may contribute to the unchanged surface catalytic ability, even with a reduction in total volume of metallic nickel clusters embedded in the activated surface oxide layer. In general, the C14-predominated alloy is more suitable for high-capacity and long cycle life applications, and the C15-predominated alloy can be used in areas requiring easy activation, and better high-rate and low-temperature performances.

show abstract

“…The low-temperature normalized discharge capacity and specific power (HRD) in the Ni/MH batteries made from AB 2 and AB 5 MH alloys are usually highly correlated [28,29]. However, the correlations between the low temperature (both −10 and −30 °C) normalized discharge capacity and the full-cell HRD for the substitutional superlattice alloys are not evident in Figures 12 and 13.…”

Section: Cell Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Using Molybdenum-added Superlattice Metal Hydride Alloy

Kim¹

2018

Mater. Sci. Eng. Adv. Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The performance of sealed cells comprising of a series of superlattice metal hydride (MH) alloys with compositions of Mm 0.83 Mg 0.17 Ni 2.94-x Al 0.17 Co 0.20 Mo x (Mm is a mixture of La, Pr, and Nd, x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) was evaluated and compared against other substitutional elements, such as Fe, Mn, and Co. The capacities of cells with Mo-containing alloys are higher than the ones using Mo-free alloy due to the former's higher active material utilization in positive electrodes. Cells with alloy of x = 0.10 showed the highest capacity and high-rate dischargeability, the best low-temperature (−10 and −20 °C), and the longest cycle performance (C-rates charge and discharge). This level of Mo (x = 0.10) is effective in protecting the alloy surface from oxidation. The main failure mechanism of the sudden capacity drop for cells in this study is the venting of gas/ electrolyte mixture from the build-up of internal pressure; this is caused by a dense surface oxide layer formed on the MH alloy blocking the path for gas-recombination during overcharge.

show abstract

Roles of Ni, Cr, Mn, Sn, Co, and Al in C14 Laves phase alloys for NiMH battery application

Cited by 36 publications

References 80 publications

C14 Laves Phase Metal Hydride Alloys for Ni/MH Batteries Applications

C14 Laves Phase Metal Hydride Alloys for Ni/MH Batteries Applications

Comparison of C14- and C15-Predomiated AB2 Metal Hydride Alloys for Electrochemical Applications

Properties of Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Using Molybdenum-added Superlattice Metal Hydride Alloy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About