Roles of pedunculopontine tegmental cholinergic receptors in brain stimulation reward in the rat

Chen, J.; Nakamura, Masato; Kawamura, Tatsuyuki; Takahashi, Taro; Nakahara, Daiichiro

doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0252-8

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Indeed, the pedun- culopontine tegmentum (PPTg), a site that is a major input to dopaminergic neurons in the VTA, show phasic activity to the onset of cues (41). During ICSS, extracellular acetylcholine levels increase in both the PPTg and the VTA (42)(43)(44). This could activate phasic firing of dopaminergic neurons leading to the dopamine transients we observe in the NAc shell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Owesson-White

Cheer²,

Beyene³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

167

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Dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an important neurotransmitter for reward-seeking behaviors such as intracranial selfstimulation (ICSS), although its precise role remains unclear. Here, dynamic fluctuations in extracellular dopamine were measured during ICSS in the rat NAc shell with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes. Rats were trained to press a lever to deliver electrical stimulation to the substantia nigra (SNc)/ ventral tegmental area (VTA) after the random onset of a cue that predicted reward availability. Latency to respond after cue onset significantly declined across trials, indicative of learning. Dopamine release was evoked by the stimulation but also developed across trials in a time-locked fashion to the cue. Once established, the cue-evoked dopamine transients continued to grow in amplitude, although they were variable from trial to trial. The emergence of cue-evoked dopamine correlated with a decline in electrically evoked dopamine release. Extinction of ICSS resulted in a significant decline in goal-directed behavior coupled to a significant decrease in cue-evoked phasic dopamine across trials. carbon-fiber electrode ͉ cyclic voltammetry ͉ extinction ͉ nucleus accumbens shell ͉ reward I ntracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) was discovered in 1954 (1). In this paradigm, a rat depresses a lever to deliver an electric shock to electrodes implanted within the brain. Extensive mapping studies by Olds and Olds later showed that the neuroanatomical region supporting ICSS centered in the posterior MFB region of the lateral hypothalamus (2). This finding provoked considerable interest, because it identified a brain reward pathway that could be centrally activated without the need for sensory stimulation (3, 4). Although a role for several neurotransmitters has been implicated in ICSS, dopamine appears to play a primary role (5, 6), leading to the view that dopaminergic signaling is essential during goal-directed behaviors. Indeed, it was postulated that increased dopaminergic neurotransmission was necessary for the reinforcement of reward-related behavior (7).More recently, electrophysiological studies in primates have provided new insight into the role of dopaminergic neurons in reward processing (8). In response to unexpected rewards, dopamine neurons exhibit phasic firing. However, when an animal learns that a cue predicts reward, the burst of neuronal firing switches to the onset of the cue (9-12). Responses to the cue increase with repeated trials, and these paired responses of midbrain dopamine neurons follow the expectations of models of associative learning in which dopamine signaling is a reward-prediction error (12,13). Similar responses to conditioned stimuli that predict reward have also been observed for midbrain dopaminergic neurons in rats (14).A phasic increase in dopamine neuronal firing should lead to a dopamine concentration transient in terminal areas such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Indeed, using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Owesson-White

Cheer²,

Beyene³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, some of the effects induced by PPTN stimulation can be blocked by administration of the muscarinic acethylcholine receptor agonist carbachol into the PPTN (Chapman et al, 1997). This finding is consistent with the fact that cholinergic neurons in the PPTN express the inhibitory muscarinic autoreceptors (Yeomans, 1995) and suggests that activation of these receptors inhibits cholinergic inputs to the dopamine neurons (Tzavara et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2006). Furthermore, midbrain dopamine neurons are dysfunctional following excitotoxic lesioning of the PPTN (Blaha & Winn, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

Reward Prediction Error Computation in the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Neurons

Kobayashi¹,

Ok²

2011

Advances in Reinforcement Learning

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“…4 Amg regulates the production of Ach mainly via PPT, LDT (Semba and Fibiger, 1992;Knapska et al, 2007), and SI (Jolkkonen et al, 2002), which innervate the brainstem, Amg, Hip, and PFC. In the central nervous system, Ach is known to modulate the sleep/wake cycle, synaptic plasticity (LTP), general excitability, arousal, and reward (Chen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Diffuse Brain Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of the amygdala in the affective regulation of body, brain, and behaviour

2010

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Abstract. Despite the great amount of knowledge produced by the neuroscientific literature affective phenomena, current models tackling noncognitive aspects of behavior are often bio-inspired but rarely bio-constrained. This paper presents a theoretical account of affective systems centered on the amygdala. This account aims to furnish a general framework and specific pathways to implement models that are more closely related to biological evidence. The amygdala, which receives input from brain areas encoding internal states, innately relevant stimuli, and innately neutral stimuli, plays a fundamental role in motivational and emotional processes of organisms. This role is based on the fact that amygdala implements the two associative processes at the core of Pavlovian learning (CS-US and CS-UR associations), and that it has the capacity of modulating these associations on the basis of internal states. These functionalities allow the amygdala to play an important role in the regulation of the three fundamental classes of affective responses (namely, the regulation of body states, the regulation of brain states via neuromodulators, and the triggering of a number of basic behaviours fundamental for adaptation) and in the regulation of three high-level cognitive processes (namely, the affective labeling of memories, the production of goal-directed behaviours, and the performance of planning and complex decision making). Our analysis is conducted within a methodological approach that stresses the importance of understanding the brain within an evolutionary/adaptive framework and with the aim of isolating general principles that can potentially account for the wider possible empirical evidence in a coherent fashion.

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Roles of pedunculopontine tegmental cholinergic receptors in brain stimulation reward in the rat

Cited by 33 publications

References 54 publications

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Dynamic changes in accumbens dopamine correlate with learning during intracranial self-stimulation

Reward Prediction Error Computation in the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Neurons

The roles of the amygdala in the affective regulation of body, brain, and behaviour

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