Roles of stay-green (SGR) homologs during chlorophyll degradation in green plants

Jiao, Baozhen; Meng, Qingwei; Lv, Wei

doi:10.1186/s40529-020-00302-5

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The developmental processes of fleshy fruits include cell division and expansion during fruit growth, followed by chlorophyll degradation, cell wall softening, and changes to phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, starch/sucrose, and carotenoid metabolism during ripening. These processes are controlled by phytohormones, most notably ethylene in climacteric fruit ripening and ABA in non-climacteric fruit ripening, as well as ABA-ethylene interactions in both types of fruit ( Forlani et al, 2019 ; García-Gómez et al, 2020 ; Jiao et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: An Integrated Comprehensive Understanding Of Aba In Fleshy mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiological and Molecular Mechanism of Abscisic Acid in Regulation of Fleshy Fruit Ripening

2021

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The ripening of fleshy fruits is coupled with the degradation of both chlorophyll and cell walls, as well as changes in the metabolism of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, starch/sucrose, and carotenoids. These processes are controlled by phytohormones and other factors, including abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, auxin, polyamines, sugar, and reactive oxygen species. The ripening of climacteric fruits is controlled by ethylene and non-climacteric fruit ripening is regulated mainly by ABA. Also, ABA and ethylene may interact in both types of fruit ripening. ABA concentrations in fleshy fruits are regulated in response to developmental and environmental cues and are controlled by the relative rates of ABA biosynthesis and catabolism, the former mainly via 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) and β-glucosidases and the latter via ABA 8'-hydroxylases (CYP707As) and β-glycosyltransferases. In strawberry fruit ripening, ABA is perceived via at least two receptors, Pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/PYR-like (PYL) and putative abscisic acid receptor (ABAR), which are linked separately to the conserved signaling pathway ABA-FaPYR1-FaABIl-FaSnRK2 and the novel signaling pathway ABA-FaABAR-FaRIPK1-FaABI4. Downstream signaling components include important transcription factors, such as AREB (ABA responsive element binding protein)/ABF (ABRE binding factors ABA responsive factor), ethylene response factor (ERF), and V-myb Myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB), as well as ripening-related genes. Finally, a comprehensive model of ABA linked to ethylene, sugar, polyamines, auxin and reactive oxygen species in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening is proposed. Next, new integrated mechanisms, including two ABA signaling pathways, ABA and ethylene signaling pathways, and ABA/ethylene to other phytohormones are interesting and important research topics in ripening, especially in non-climacteric fruits.

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Section: An Integrated Comprehensive Understanding Of Aba In Fleshy mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiological and Molecular Mechanism of Abscisic Acid in Regulation of Fleshy Fruit Ripening

2021

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“…Stay-green (SGR) genes encode magnesium dechelatase, and are involved in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation. Stay-green (SGR) homologs remove magnesium from Chl a, which is one of the most important components in the Chl degradation pathway in plants [53][54][55]. Under high-temperature conditions, accumulation of sugars in the peel was induced in bananas, and these sugars regulated Chl degradation through SGR proteins [56].…”

Section: Response To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function of Chloroplasts in Plant Stress Responses

Song

Feng

Alyafei

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The chloroplast has a central position in oxygenic photosynthesis and primary metabolism. In addition to these functions, the chloroplast has recently emerged as a pivotal regulator of plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Chloroplasts have their own independent genomes and gene-expression machinery and synthesize phytohormones and a diverse range of secondary metabolites, a significant portion of which contribute the plant response to adverse conditions. Furthermore, chloroplasts communicate with the nucleus through retrograde signaling, for instance, reactive oxygen signaling. All of the above facilitate the chloroplast’s exquisite flexibility in responding to environmental stresses. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the involvement of chloroplasts in plant regulatory responses to various abiotic and biotic stresses including heat, chilling, salinity, drought, high light environmental stress conditions, and pathogen invasions. This review will enrich the better understanding of interactions between chloroplast and environmental stresses, and will lay the foundation for genetically enhancing plant-stress acclimatization.

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“…The amino acid cysteine plays a crucial role in the formation of crosslinking or intramolecular regulation during the aging process. It also causes the formation of ROS, which leads to the formation of dimers or polymers of the SGR gene resulting in the acceleration of chlorophyll degradation and detoxification during the aging process (Jiao et al, 2020). Jiang et al (2011) reported that overexpression of SGR (Ov-SGR) resulted in the generation of singlet oxygen and ROS and caused cell death in rice sprouts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between SGR and SGRL proteins lies in the cysteine motif present in the C-terminal section. The structure of the SGR protein consists of three domains, including the highly-conserved SGR domain, chloroplast transit peptide, and the variable C-terminal region (Aubry et al, 2008;Jiao et al, 2020). Other studies reported that SGR or NON-YELLOWING 1 (NYE1), SGR2 (NYE2), and SGRL exhibited as key regulators of chlorophyll degradation in Arabidopsis and rice plants, causing loss of green leaf pigment (senescence) (Jiang et al, 2007;Park et al, 2007;Rong et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stay Green Genes Fragment Homology Analysis of Indonesian Sorghum

MUNARTI¹,

WIRNAS²,

TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS³

et al. 2022

SABRAOJBG

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Stay-green (SGR) is an essential trait in sorghum associated with grain yield under drought and high-temperature stress conditions. The study sought to analyze the homology of the stay-green gene fragment in Indonesian sorghum cultivars, comparing it with the SGR gene sequences in the GenBank database. Two primer pairs, designated as SGR_1 and SGR_2, got designed from the SGR gene of Sorghum bicolor and used to amplify seven sorghum genotypes. The DNA fragments of 300 bp and 1000 bp produced by SGR_1 and SGR_2, respectively, underwent sequencing. Amino acid analysis of the seven sorghum genotypes resulted in high homology with senescence-inducible chloroplast SGR-protein 1 from Zea mays and SGR-chloroplastic of Setaria italica. An observation on a conservative region with the SGR domain noticed SGR genes, derived from sorghum genotypes, clustered separately with those from other SGR genes available in the GenBank database. The first group consisted of a sorghum genotype (Samurai 2), the second group consisted of Super 2, Numbu, and Kawali, while the third group consisted of PI-150-20-A, Pahat, and B69 with coefficient similarity of 10%, 14%, and 30%, respectively. Although Indonesian sorghum has a different group in GenBank, it has similar nucleotide and amino acid sequences, with identity values of 95%-100% and 51%-100%, respectively. The amino acid diversity of the DNA fragments of the SGR gene is highly potential to develop molecular markers, especially the stay green character. The finding will support a sorghum breeding efficiently and precisely, especially for yield improvement under drought-stress conditions.

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Roles of stay-green (SGR) homologs during chlorophyll degradation in green plants

Cited by 31 publications

References 45 publications

The Physiological and Molecular Mechanism of Abscisic Acid in Regulation of Fleshy Fruit Ripening

The Physiological and Molecular Mechanism of Abscisic Acid in Regulation of Fleshy Fruit Ripening

Function of Chloroplasts in Plant Stress Responses

Stay Green Genes Fragment Homology Analysis of Indonesian Sorghum

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