Roll-over characteristics of human walking on inclined surfaces

Hansen, Alvin H.; Childress, Dudley S.; Miff, Steve C.

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2004.08.023

Cited by 62 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These alterations were associated with a higher generated ankle power at the end of the stance phase and a higher generated hip power at the beginning of the stance phase [8]. During ramp descent, an increase of knee flexion angle, knee external flexion moment, and absorbed knee power have been reported [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Influence of physical capacities of males with transtibial amputation on gait adjustments on sloped surfaces

Langlois

Villa

Bonnet³

et al. 2014

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-The aim of the study was to investigate how kinematic and kinetic adjustments between level and slope locomotion of persons with transtibial amputation are related to their individual muscular and functional capacities. A quantified gait analysis was conducted on flat and slope surfaces for seven patients with transtibial amputation and a control group of eight subjects to obtain biomechanical parameters. In addition, maximal isometric muscular strength (knee and hip extensors) and functional scores were measured. The results of this study showed that most of the persons with transtibial amputation could adapt to ramp ascent either by increasing ankle, knee, and hip flexion angles of the residual limb and/or by recruiting their hip extensors to guarantee enough hip extension power during early stance. Besides, 6-minute walk test score was shown to be a good predictor of adaptation capacities to slope ascent. In ramp descent, the increase of knee flexion moment was correlated with knee extensor strength and residual-limb length. However, no correlation was observed with functional parameters. Results show that the walking strategy adopted by persons with transtibial amputation to negotiate ramp locomotion mainly depends on their muscular capacities. Therefore, muscular strengthening should be a priority during rehabilitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In brief, during ramp ascent, the major adjustments are the increase of ranges of motion of lower-limb joints and of hip external flexion moment [6][7]. These alterations were associated with a higher generated ankle power at the end of the stance phase and a higher generated hip power at the beginning of the stance phase [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of physical capacities of males with transtibial amputation on gait adjustments on sloped surfaces

Langlois

Villa

Bonnet³

et al. 2014

J Rehabil Res Dev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Descent surface is associated with a reduced stride length and a faster rhythm, causing a reduced stance phase duration [8].…”

Section: Gait On Inclined Surfaces (Ascent-descent)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ankle is the most adaptable joint during uphill walking and knee is the most adaptable joint during downhill walking (Figure 1) [8].…”

Section: Gait On Inclined Surfaces (Ascent-descent)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical analysis of ankle during the stance phase of gait on various surfaces: a literature review

Psarras¹,

Mertyri²,

Tsaklis³

2018

Hum Mov.

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The purpose of this article is to review the literature that deals with the biomechanical analysis of the ankle during gait stance phase on slopes, on uneven and rock surfaces, on sand, and on grass surfaces, as well as to present the observed differences. Methods. The literature was searched in the databases of PubMed and Google scholar, for the years of 2005-2015. The keywords were: biomechanics, gait analysis, ankle joint, stance phase, uphill walking, downhill walking, sand surface, uneven surface, grass surface, and ballast. results. The kinetic and kinematic gait behaviour is directly influenced by the surface on which it is being performed. The uphill or downhill surfaces, the surfaces of stone, sand, grass, and uneven surfaces have a direct impact on the biomechanics on joints of the lower limb, changing the energy cost, muscle activation, the resulting mechanical work, ground reaction forces and balance, and the parameters of the gait cycle. All these changes are raising many questions about the safety and comfort of these surfaces. In the structures of the foot, ankle and lower leg high compressive and rotational forces are transmitted resulting in injuries in these regions. conclusions. Each surface has its own advantages and disadvantages, changing the biomechanics of the lower extremity and particularly the ankle. According to the purpose that one wants to achieve they can choose a suitable surface. To prevent injuries and falls, we must choose shoes that fit well, are comfortable with cushioning, and have a feeling neither too hard nor too soft, with laces and low collar.

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“…During walking in the environment, variable surface conditions are encountered such as uneven floors, inclining or declining slopes, and stairs. Especially when walking on inclined surfaces it is necessary to overcome a number of challenges to neuromuscular structures for the maintenance of balance [1][2][3] . In addition, walking patterns have been shown to be highly adaptable to different environments such as the slopes and walking surfaces [4][5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Kinematic Analysis during Upslope Walking with Different Inclinations by Healthy Adults

Han

Kwon²,

Park

et al. 2009

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate changes of gait strategy, by measurement of gait parameters and kinematic data of the lower limbs during walking on slopes with four different incline angles.[Subjects] A total of 23 healthy adults were recruited for the study.[Methods] Threedimensional kinematic data were measured with a camera-based system, while subjects walked on an upslope at four different inclinations (0°, 8°, 16°, 24°). Data analyses were conducted using ANOVA with repeated measurements to determine the difference of gait parameters according to the slope inclinations.[Results] The kinematics during ascent of the slopes could be clearly distinguished from the kinematics of level walking. Spatio-temporal parameters were significantly affected by slope inclinations. The joint angle of the lower extremities in the sagittal plane was increased at slope inclinations greater than 16°. Ankle and knee joint angles in the frontal plane increased on the 16° and 24° slopes, and the hip joint angle increased on the 24° slope. The knee joint angle only increased on the 24° slope in the horizontal plane.[Conclusion] Alterations of the lower extremities in the sagittal plane were greater than in the other planes and the joint angles of the lower extremities were generally changed on slope of 16° or greater inclination. These results indicate the optimal inclination for slope climbing and may provide therapists with valuable therapeutic strategies for gait training on an inclined slope for patients with locomotion dysfunction.

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Roll-over characteristics of human walking on inclined surfaces

Cited by 62 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of physical capacities of males with transtibial amputation on gait adjustments on sloped surfaces

Influence of physical capacities of males with transtibial amputation on gait adjustments on sloped surfaces

Biomechanical analysis of ankle during the stance phase of gait on various surfaces: a literature review

Three-Dimensional Kinematic Analysis during Upslope Walking with Different Inclinations by Healthy Adults

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