Rolle der Roten Vogelmilbe (Dermanyssus gallinae) bei der Übertragung von aviärem Influenza-A-Virus

Sommer, D.; Heffels-Redmann, U.; Köhler, Kernt; Lierz, Michael; Kaleta, E. F.

doi:10.15653/tpg-150413

Cited by 57 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Beyond the direct effects, many studies have surmised the role of D. gallinae as a vector of pathogens [7]. Association with D. gallinae has been reported for several viral and bacterial species, such as avian influenza virus [8], Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae [9], Chlamydia psittaci [10], Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica enterica serovar Gallinarum and fowl typhoid disease mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

et al. 2020

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Background The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) is a major ectoparasite of poultry. Infestations are found in most laying hen farms in Europe, and breeder flocks have also been reported to be affected. Mite infestation has detrimental effects on animal welfare, it causes significant economic losses, and, additionally, D. gallinae is often considered as a vector for pathogens. Despite suspicion of a close relationship between the poultry red mite and Salmonella enterica enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (serovar Gallinarum), the causative agent of fowl typhoid disease (FT), there has been no definitive proof of mite-mediated transmission. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to determine if D. gallinae-mediated transmission of serovar Gallinarum could be demonstrated among four different hen groups. Methods Two groups of 8 hens (A and B) were experimentally infected with serovar Gallinarum in two isolators. After 7 days, when birds showed signs of FT, about 25,000 mites were introduced. After 3 days, mites were harvested and used to infest two other hen groups of 8 (C and D), in two separate isolators. The health status of hens was constantly monitored; detection and quantification of serovar Gallinarum were performed by PCR and qPCR from mites and organs of dead hens. The maximum likelihood estimation of the infection rate and mite vectorial capacity were calculated. Results Clinical disease was observed in groups infected with serovar Gallinarum (A and B) and in hens of groups C and D infested with mites harvested from the isolators containing groups A and B. In all four groups, serovar Gallinarum was detected from liver, spleen, ovary, and cecum of hens, thus confirming the diagnosis of FT. Mite analysis demonstrated the presence of the pathogen, with an estimated infection rate ranging between 13.72 and 55.21 infected per thousand mites. Vectorial capacity was estimated to be 73.79. Conclusions Mites harvested from birds infected with serovar Gallinarum were shown to carry the mite, and then to transfer serovar Gallinarum to isolated groups of pathogen-free birds that subsequently showed signs of FT. Mite vectorial capacity was high, demonstrating that D. gallinae should be considered an effective vector of FT.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica enterica serovar Gallinarum and fowl typhoid disease mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

et al. 2020

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“…Depending on the level of infestation, it can lead to increased mortality by exsanguination and behavioural disorders due to sleep deprivation [7][8][9]. Besides, PRM can act as a vector for several pathogenic viruses and bacteria [10,11]. The threat for the industry relies on the economic losses caused by the PRM in two ways: reduction of egg production associated with a negative impact on feed conversion ratio and a higher proportion of blood-spotted and low-quality eggs, which are downgraded and, secondly, cost-derived from pest control actions [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Vaccinology Approach to the Identification and Characterization of Dermanyssus gallinae Candidate Protective Antigens for the Control of Poultry Red Mite Infestations

et al. 2019

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The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is a hematophagous ectoparasite considered as the major pest in the egg-laying industry. Its pesticide-based control is only partially successful and requires the development of new control interventions such as vaccines. In this study, we follow a vaccinology approach to identify PRM candidate protective antigens. Based on proteomic data from fed and unfed nymph and adult mites, we selected a novel PRM protein, calumenin (Deg-CALU), which is tested as a vaccine candidate on an on-hen trial. Rhipicephalus microplus Subolesin (Rhm-SUB) was chosen as a positive control. Deg-CALU and Rhm-SUB reduced the mite oviposition by 35 and 44%, respectively. These results support Deg-CALU and Rhm-SUB as candidate protective antigens for the PRM control.

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“…Beyond the direct effects, many studies have surmised the role of D. gallinae as a vector of pathogens [7]. Association with D. gallinae has been reported for several viral and bacterial species, such as avian in uenza virus [8], Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae [9], Chlamydia psittaci [10], Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [11]. However, very few publications report the actual demonstration of transmission of pathogens mediated by the poultry red mite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum and fowl typhoid mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

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Pugliese

et al. 2020

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Background: The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer 1778) is a major ectoparasite of poultry. Infestations are found in most laying hen farms in Europe, and breeder flocks have also been reported to be affected. Mite infestation has detrimental effects on animal welfare, are a cause of significant economic losses, and D. gallinae is often considered as a pathogen vector. Despite suspicion of a close relationship between the poultry red mite and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum ( S. Gallinarum), the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), there has been no definitive proof of mite-mediated transmission. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to determine if D. gallinae -mediated transmission of S. Gallinarum could be demonstrated among four different hen groups.Methods: Two groups of 8 hens (A and B) were experimentally infected with S. Gallinarum in two isolators. After seven days, when birds showed signs of FT, about 25,000 mites were introduced. After 3 days, mites were harvested and used to infest other two hen groups of 8 (C and D), in two separate isolators. Health status of hens was constantly monitored; detection and quantification of S. Gallinarum were performed by PCR and qPCR from mites and organs of dead hens. The maximum likelihood estimation of the infection rate and mite vectorial capacity were calculated.Results: Clinical disease was observed in groups infected with S. Gallinarum (A and B) and in hens of groups C and D infested with mites harvested from the isolators containing groups A and B. In all 4 groups, S. Gallinarum was detected from liver, spleen, ovary and cecum of hens, thus confirming the diagnosis of FT. Mite analysis demonstrated the presence of the pathogen, with an estimated infection rate ranging between 13.72 and 55.21 infected per thousand mites. Vectorial capacity was estimated to be 73.79.Conclusion: Mites harvested from birds infected with S. Gallinarum were shown to carry the mite, and then to transfer S . Gallinarum to isolated groups of pathogen-free birds that subsequently showed signs of FT. Mite vectorial capacity was high, demonstrating that D. gallinae should be considered an effective vector of FT.

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Rolle der Roten Vogelmilbe (Dermanyssus gallinae) bei der Übertragung von aviärem Influenza-A-Virus

Abstract: The proven transmission requires more than ever a systematic control of this ectoparasite in order to maintain poultry health and productivity. The demonstrated vector function of this mite is of great significance for poultry flocks all over the world.

Cited by 57 publications

References 26 publications

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica enterica serovar Gallinarum and fowl typhoid disease mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica enterica serovar Gallinarum and fowl typhoid disease mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

A Vaccinology Approach to the Identification and Characterization of Dermanyssus gallinae Candidate Protective Antigens for the Control of Poultry Red Mite Infestations

Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum and fowl typhoid mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)

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