Rollover of tractors — international experiences

Springfeldt, Bengt

doi:10.1016/s0925-7535(96)00069-0

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Studies from Europe suggest that a ROPS prevalence rate between 75% and 80% is required before decreases in tractor overturn fatality rates begin to fall near zero (Springfeldt 1996;Springfeldt et al, 1998;Thelin, 1998). Data from Sweden further suggest that the decreases in fatalities are not linear with respect to increasing ROPS prevalence (Springfeldt et al, 1998;Thelin, 1998).…”

Section: Changes In the Prevalence Of Rops-equipped Tractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include using education programs to inform farm operators of the value of ROPS, providing farm operators with an incentive to place ROPS on older farm tractors used on their farms (Donham et al, 1998;NCASH, 1989;Reynolds & Groves, 2000), providing voluntary standards or other programs to encourage farm equipment dealers to retrofit tractors with ROPS before resale to farm operators (Freeman, 1999), purchasing and scrapping older farm tractors without ROPS from farm operators (Myers & Snyder, 1995;Swenson, 2004), reducing the cost of ROPS retrofit kits (Harris, McKenzie, Etherton, & Cantis, 2002;Harris, Cantis, McKenzie, Etherton, & Ronaghi, 2005;Owusu-Edusei & Biddle, 2007), and enacting some form of state or national regulation to require tractors used on farms to be equipped with ROPS after some designated time period (Donham et al, 1998;Karlson & Noren, 1979;Kelsey & Jenkins, 1991;NCASH, 1989;Swenson, 2004). Programs requiring the use of ROPS have been shown to be effective in reducing overturn fatalities in Europe (Springfeldt, 1996;Springfeldt et al, 1998;Thelin, 1998).…”

Section: Actions To Increase the Prevalence Of Rops-equipped Tractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking the prevalence of rollover protective structures on U.S. farm tractors: 1993, 2001, and 2004

Loringer

Myers

2008

Journal of Safety Research

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Problem: Between 1992 and 2005, 1412 workers on farms died from tractor overturns. A Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) is a proven intervention to reduce overturn deaths. However, farm characteristics that are associated with the adoption of ROPS are not well understood. Methods: ROPS prevalence statistics were derived from National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) surveys that tracked ROPS use on farms. Data were from the years 1993, 2001, and 2004. Results: In 1993, 38% of tractors were equipped with ROPS. This increased to 51% by 2004. ROPS prevalence rates were higher on farms in the Southern region of the United States, on farms where the operator was 25-34 years old, and on farms with $100,000 or more of farm sales. Low ROPS prevalence rates were associated with farm operators 65 years old or older and with farms with less than $10,000 of farm product sales. Summary: The increase in ROPS prevalence between 1993 and 2004 has not been sufficient to decrease the rate of tractor overturn deaths on farms. Incentive programs targeting older farm operators and low-income farm operations are suggested to increase ROPS use on tractors. Impact on Industry: The study provides farm characteristics associated with low ROPS prevalence rates. The results can be used to target farms for future ROPS promotion activities.

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Section: Changes In the Prevalence Of Rops-equipped Tractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Actions To Increase the Prevalence Of Rops-equipped Tractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the prevalence of rollover protective structures on U.S. farm tractors: 1993, 2001, and 2004

Loringer

Myers

2008

Journal of Safety Research

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“…Prior international work on reducing tractor fatalities due to rollovers has indicated that a significant reduction in these deaths does not occur until 75% to 80% of the population of tractors have ROPS (Springfeldt, 1996; NIOSH, 2004;Thelin, 1998;Hard and Myers, 2011). Thus, to reduce tractor roll-over fatalities, it is imperative that tractors have ROPS, either through replacement with newer ROPS-equipped tractors or retrofitting of older tractors with ROPS.…”

Section: Author Manuscript Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Demonstration Project in New York and Virginia: Retrofitting Cost-Effective Roll-over Protective Structures (CROPS) on Tractors

2015

J. Agric. Safety and Health

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Corresponding author: David L. Hard, 1095 Willowdale Road, MS 1900, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888 phone: 304-285-6068; dlh6@cdc.gov. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptThe NIOSH cost-effective roll-over protective structure (CROPS) demonstration project sought to determine whether three prototype roll-over protective structures (ROPS) designed to be retrofitted on Ford 8N, Ford 3000, Ford 4000, and Massey Ferguson 135 tractors could be installed in the field and whether they would be acceptable by the intended end users (farmers). There were a total of 50 CROPS demonstrators (25 in New York and 25 in Virginia), with 45 observers attending the New York CROPS demonstrations and 36 observers attending the Virginia CROPS demonstrations, for a total of 70 participants in New York and 61 in Virginia. The oldest retrofitted tractors were 77 to 62 years old, while the newest retrofitted tractors were 40 to 37 years old. The most frequently retrofitted tractor in the CROPS demonstration project was a Ford 3000 series tractor (n = 19; 38%), followed by Ford 4000 (n = 11; 22%), Massey Ferguson 135 (n = 11; 22%), and Ford 8N (n = 9; 18%). A major issue of CROPS retrofitting was the rear wheel fenders. The effort involved in disassembling the fenders (removing the old bolts was often faster by cutting them with a torch), modifying the fender mounting brackets, and then reinstalling the fenders with the CROPS generally required the most time. In addition, various other semipermanent equipment attachments, such as front-end loaders, required additional time and effort to fit with the CROPS. Demonstrators were asked to rank the reasons why they had not retrofitted their tractors with ROPS until they had enrolled in the CROPS demonstration program. ROPS "cost too much" was ranked as the primary reason for participants in both states (80% for New York and 88% for Virginia). The second highest ranked reasons were "ROPS wasn't available" for Virginia (80%) and "hassle to find ROPS" for New York (69%). The third highest ranked reasons were "not enough time to find ROPS" for New York (67%) and "hassle to find ROPS" for Virginia (79%). All demonstrators and observers indicated that they were glad to have participated in the CROPS project. KeywordsCost-effective roll-over protective structures (CROPS); Injury prevention; Roll-over protective structures (ROPS); Tractor safety U.S. agriculture has historically been in the top three industries for workplace deaths, with both a high rate and high number of fatalities according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The agriculture, forestry, and fishing (AgFF) industry sector has the dubious distinction of having the highest rate of work-related deaths over the past three years: 27.9 deaths per 100,000 full-time equivalents (FTE) in 2010, 24.9/100,000 FTE in 2011, and 21.2/100,000 FTE in 2012. In addition, the AgFF sector ranked third in the total number of work-related deaths: 621 occupational deaths in 2010 , 566 in 2011 , and 475 in...

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“…ROPS is a passive solution to protect the driver in a rollover event (Moberg, 1964) and has long been recognized as an effective means to greatly reduce the likelihood of driver injury in a tractor overturn (Springfeldt, 1996). Recent studies on standardized ROPS test criteria have verified the effects of tractor evolution in terms of design and operation in the field with respect to the force and energy considered in the sequence of ROPS test loadings (Guzzomi et al, 2009;Rondelli and Guzzomi, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rubber Tracks on Narrow-Track Tractors on the Non-Continuous Rolling Prediction Model

Franceschetti

Capacci

Rondelli

2016

J. Agric. Safety and Health

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Rollover of tractors — international experiences

Cited by 60 publications

References 2 publications

Tracking the prevalence of rollover protective structures on U.S. farm tractors: 1993, 2001, and 2004

Tracking the prevalence of rollover protective structures on U.S. farm tractors: 1993, 2001, and 2004

A Demonstration Project in New York and Virginia: Retrofitting Cost-Effective Roll-over Protective Structures (CROPS) on Tractors

Effects of Rubber Tracks on Narrow-Track Tractors on the Non-Continuous Rolling Prediction Model

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