Roman Warm Period and Late Antique Little Ice Age in an Earth System Model Large Ensemble

Shi, Feng; Sun, Cheng; Guion, Antoine; Yin, Qiuzhen; Zhao, Sen; Liu, Ting; Guo, Zhengtang

doi:10.1029/2021jd035832

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Thus, our hypothesis, H2, that most maximum slopes would occur during the LIA, was not supported. Maximum changes over decadal and multidecadal time windows occurred during all periods, and three of the slopes occurred during the RWP and in association with sub-periods identified by Shi et al (2022).…”

Section: Increases In Nhta Before and After 1880mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For three years GTA and NHTA show peaks at the same time (droplines). The bold horizontal lines show sub periods identified by Shi et al (2022). Crosses show the years of max temperature changes with two methods (Diff and β method, this study).…”

Section: Co 2 Exchange Within the Oceans And Between Oceans Land And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Roman period has been assigned two subperiods by Shi et al (2022), the Antique Roman warm period (1-250) and the Late Antique Little Ice Age (536-660). Figure 2c shows these two periods as red and blue horizontal lines.…”

Section: The Roman Warm Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies address temperature variations during the Common Era, either for the whole period, e.g., Thompson et al (2022), Christiansen and Ljungqvist (2017), and Neukom et al (2019b), or the studies focus on particular subperiods, e.g., recently, Shi et al (2022) on the Roman period, Wang et al (2022) on the Medieval and Little Ice Age periods, Stoffel et al (2022) on the Little Ice Age and the volcanic eruption cluster during that time, and Cheng et al (2015) on the industrial period. In the result section, we will embed our results on the persistent increase or decrease in NHTA over 11 years (decadal), 21 years (bi-decadal), and 51 years periods in a wider context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximum Northern Hemisphere warming rates before and after 1880 during the Common Era

Seip

Wang

2023

Theor Appl Climatol

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We find that maximal decadal Northern Hemisphere warming increases as rapidly before as after the industrial revolution (0.86 °C decade−1 before 1880 and 0.60–0.68 °C decade−1 after 1880). However, whereas the number of decadal periods with large increase and decrease rates were about equal before 1880 (267 vs. 273), after 1880 there are more periods with high increase rates (35) than with high decrease rates (9). The same patterns hold for bi-decadal rates. However, for time windows greater than about 20 years, the slope in global warming with time becomes greater after 1880. After 1971, there is only one short 11 year period with negative slopes. This reflects the higher frequency of positive slopes during the industrial period caused by the contribution of greenhouse gases (GHG). Maximum temperature changes for detrended series were associated with the beginning and end of extreme warm or cold sub periods. They occurred throughout all of the Common Era. Because the detrended temperature series showed sign of a pacemaker mechanism (regular cycle periods) we suggest that ocean variabilities were a dominating mechanism for multidecadal temperature variability during the Common Era.

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Section: Increases In Nhta Before and After 1880mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Co 2 Exchange Within the Oceans And Between Oceans Land And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Roman Warm Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximum Northern Hemisphere warming rates before and after 1880 during the Common Era

Seip

Wang

2023

Theor Appl Climatol

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“…The primary objective of this systematic review is to identify zooarchaeological evidence of the great whales between 1 CE and 1900 CE (the start of the 20th century whaling period) and use this information to identify spatiotemporal variation in the occurrence and acceleration of the resource use of whale products worldwide. The time periods between 1 CE and the present day were characterised by large-scale environmental, demographic and societal change, including (but not exclusive to), the rise and expansion of Eurasian empires [132], expansion of Arctic indigenous communities [43,46,75,133], societal shifts in economic practices and resource procurement worldwide (e.g., [134][135][136][137]), environmental fluctuations including, the Roman Warm Period, the late Antique Little Ice Age, the Medieval Climate Anomaly, the Little Ice Age, and the start of the industrial revolution [138][139][140][141][142][143][144]. Although whales were also an important global commodity from 1900 CE, whaling and whale resource use has been welldocumented during this time [59][60][61]91,92,97,145] and therefore, we will not re-document this evidence.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological evidence of resource utilisation of the great whales over the past two millennia: A systematic review protocol

Buss,

van den Hurk,

Falahati-Anbaran

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Archaeological faunal remains provide key insights into human societies in the past, alongside information on previous resource utilisation and exploitation of wildlife populations. The great whales (Mysticete and sperm whales) were hunted unsustainably throughout the 16th - 20th centuries (herein defined as the modern period) leading to large population declines and variable recovery patterns among species. Humans have utilised whales as a resource through carcass scavenging for millennia; however, increasing local and regional ethnographic and archaeological evidence suggests that, prior to the modern period, hunting of the great whales was more common than previously thought; impacts of earlier hunting pressures on the population ecology of many whale species remains relatively unknown. Hunting guided by traditional ecological knowledge may have been sustainable and likely originated in societies that also incorporated opportunistic use of stranded individuals. The collation of georeferenced zooarchaeological data of the great whales between the 1st - 20th centuries CE worldwide will provide insight into the timescale and distribution of resource utilisation of the great whales and how this varied within and between societies, and may have changed over time. By comparing regions of known resource utilisation and breeding and feeding grounds of current-day whale populations, this information will subsequently be used to infer regions where whale populations were possibly lost or extirpated prior to detailed historical records. This systematic review protocol also provides a template for archaeologists, ecologists, and historians interested in using faunal remains to infer historical ecology and resource use of wild animal populations. The transparency of our data collection approach provides opportunities for reproducibility and comparability with future datasets.

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Understanding surface temperature changes over the Tibetan Plateau in the last millennium from a modeling perspective

Zuo,

Zhou,

Man

2024

Clim Dyn

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Roman Warm Period and Late Antique Little Ice Age in an Earth System Model Large Ensemble

Cited by 11 publications

References 85 publications

Maximum Northern Hemisphere warming rates before and after 1880 during the Common Era

Maximum Northern Hemisphere warming rates before and after 1880 during the Common Era

Archaeological evidence of resource utilisation of the great whales over the past two millennia: A systematic review protocol

Understanding surface temperature changes over the Tibetan Plateau in the last millennium from a modeling perspective

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