Romancing the other: Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness

Abstract

Arundhati Roy's second and latest novel, The Ministry of Utmost Happinesswhich took her ten years to writeis crammed full of misfits and outsiders, the flotsam and jetsam of India's complex, stratified society. The novel is inhabited by cohorts of others: hijras, political rebels, the poor, women who will not "know their place", and abandoned baby girls. The narrative of Roy's latest political romance shows these others carving out new spaces for themselves, defying convention, trying possible new lives, and testing out new roles. This article aims to look at the texture of romance in Roy's novels. Set within the narrative of Roy's romance with India's others, it focuses on the Tilo-Musa romance in The Ministry of Utmost Happiness and compares it with the Ammu-Velutha romance in the author's first novel, The God of Small Things, published in 1997. Romance in Roy's novels serves multiple purposes, as this article argues and unpacks. Mapping out the patterns of romance which Roy creates in both her novels, this analysis employs the trope of romance as a lens through which to offer a postcolonial reading of The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, which interpenetrates intimacy and desire and the political. Deconstructing the (remarkably similar) romances at the heart of both of Roy's novels reveals that her romances may not just be her rebuttal to India's wrongs, but may even constitute a form of political rescue. We conclude that, although Roy is purposeful in identifying and avoiding re-orientalist representations (Lau and Mendes, 2012; Mendes and Lau, 2015), her rejection of abjection and victimhood, and her overt celebration of larger-than-life others, may have subverted the inferiorizing of the other, without however decreasing the process of othering.

The Organization of Power in Roy's The Ministry of Utmost Happiness: A Foucauldian Reading

“…Roy talks about the lower classes of contemporary society by focusing on casteism, women subjugation and the rise of extremism in Indian society. Lisa Lau (2019) and Ana Cristina Mendes state that The Ministry of Utmost Happiness remakes the otherized and misfits of the society present in it. This romance is not only a rebuttal to all the wrong happenings of society but can also be thought of as a political rescue.…”

Gender and Sexual Identity in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness: A Cixousian Analysis of Hijra’s Resistance and Remaking of the Self

“…The identity of a hijra is thus perceived to be that of an isolated, abject, and passive victim who is excluded from mainstream social and economic life. Over the past two decades, the growing number of ethnographic studies about hijras in India have reinforced the stereotypical image of the community (Hossain, 2012;Iesar, 2019;Islam, 2020;Lau & Mendes, 2019;Mendes & Lau, 2020;Menozzi, 2019). Relatively scant attention has been given to the active struggles of individual members of this community in realizing self and elevating their social status.…”