ROMP-Derived cyclooctene-based monolithic polymeric materials reinforced with inorganic nanoparticles for applications in tissue engineering

Abstract

SummaryPorous monolithic inorganic/polymeric hybrid materials have been prepared via ring-opening metathesis copolymerization starting from a highly polar monomer, i.e., cis-5-cyclooctene-trans-1,2-diol and a 7-oxanorborn-2-ene-derived cross-linker in the presence of porogenic solvents and two types of inorganic nanoparticles (i.e., CaCO3 and calcium hydroxyapatite, respectively) using the third-generation Grubbs initiator RuCl2(Py)2(IMesH2)(CHPh). The physico-chemical properties of the monolithic materials, such as pore size distribution and microhardness were studied with regard to the nanoparticle type and content. Moreover, the reinforced monoliths were tested for the possible use as scaffold materials in tissue engineering, by carrying out cell cultivation experiments with human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells.

Amino-functionalized monolithic spin-type columns for high-throughput lectin affinity chromatography of glycoproteins

“…However, as reported in the literature, the addition of nanoparticles reduces shrinking. 43,[53][54][55] Therefore, hydrophilic fumed silica particles (Aerosil Ox50, 1, 3, 4 and 6 wt%, respectively) were dispersed in the liquid formulation used for monolith synthesis (monolith type B). The amount of incorporated particles was determined by TGA and matched the calculated values well (Table 1).…”

Less common applications of monoliths: V. Monolithic scaffolds modified with nanostructures for chromatographic separations and tissue engineering

“…Depending on the content of nanoparticles added to the polymerization mixture, monoliths with homogeneously distributed nanoparticles throughout the ma-trix were obtained with a macropore size of 30-120 m. However, the mechanical properties of norborn-2-ene-based material were poor, which limited its application in the regeneration medicine such as in differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into osteoblasts for bone regeneration. As an alternative to norborn-2-ene-based material, the cyclooctenebased monoliths with incorporated inorganic calcium carbonate and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were also investigated [209]. A highly polar cis-5-cyclooctene-trans-1,2-diol and 7-oxanorborn-2-ene-derived crosslinkers were used in order to prepare a monolithic scaffold with improved mechanical properties.…”

Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions

“…Schrock and co-workers reported the first arm-first ROMP synthesis of star polymers via crosslinking of norbornene, dicarbomethoxynorbornadiene, and trimethylsilyl protected dicarboxynorbornene linear polymers with a bifunctional norbornene crosslinker. 11,12 Buchmeiser has extended this methodology for the synthesis of materials with a range of applications that include supported catalysis, tissue-engineering, and chromatography [13][14][15][16][17] . Otani and coworkers have made star polymer nanoparticles with functional surfaces via a related "in-out" polymerization strategy 18,19 .…”