Röntgenographische Elastizitätskonstanten ferritischer, austenitischer und gehärteter Stähle

Hauk, Viktor; Kockelmann, H.

doi:10.1002/srin.197904753

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This is the basis of previous demonstrations of the determination of elastic constants, in the X-ray diffraction case, by Hauk & Kockelmann (1979) and by Hayakawa et al (1985). The method can yield values for all the constants only for cubic and tetragonal materials in either parallel (hs H 11 i with Poisson's ratio) or perpendicular (hs H 13 i with Young's modulus) arrangements, and for trigonal and hexagonal materials in the parallel con®guration (with either Young's modulus or Poisson's ratio).…”

Section: Elastic Constants From a Single Diffraction Measurement And mentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The possibility of determining the single-crystal elastic constants by a process that in essence is the reverse of that just described has been demonstrated by Hauk & Kockelmann (1979) and by Hayakawa et al (1985). These authors measured X-ray diffraction elastic constants by the standard methods used in residualstress work, as well as bulk elastic constants, and obtained estimates of single-crystal elastic constants by inverting the usual calculations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of single-crystal elastic constants by neutron diffraction from polycrystals

Howard

Kisi

1999

J Appl Cryst

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The relationships of diffraction averaged elastic compliances for an ideally random polycrystal to the single-crystal elastic compliances are given, within the Reuss approximation, for crystal systems with orthorhombic and higher symmetry. For anisotropic materials, these diffraction elastic compliances are dependent on the reflection indexhkl. Expressions for the conventional elastic constants (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio) are also given. A connection is made to the `X-ray elastic constants' used for diffraction-based measurements of residual stress. The relationships are used to calculate diffraction averaged constants for comparison with neutron diffraction data recorded from samples under applied uniaxial stress. The Reuss approximation works well for materials with the capacity for plastic deformation, such as metals and transformation toughening ceramics, whereas for other materials the Voigt–Reuss–Hill approximation gives better results. Based on the given relationships and experimental determinations of the diffraction elastic compliances for polycrystalline materials, a method is developed for determining the single-crystal elastic constants. The method for estimating single-crystal compliances is demonstrated here by application to extant data on Ni–Cr–Fe and Ti–6 wt% Al–4 wt% V alloys, and new measurements on cubic zirconia. It has been applied very recently [Kisi & Howard (1998).J. Am. Ceram. Soc.81, 1682–1684] to determine the previously unknown elastic constants for a tetragonal zirconia.

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Section: Elastic Constants From a Single Diffraction Measurement And mentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of single-crystal elastic constants by neutron diffraction from polycrystals

Howard

Kisi

1999

J Appl Cryst

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“…Calculations of the stresses were carried out by using elastic constants E {112} = 223 GPa, and {112} = 0.27 that were deduced from the single crystal elastic constants of ferrite [31] using the method of Hauk and Kockelmann [32]. Stresses were obtained from the direction along the laser cladding denoted as L, the direction transverse to the laser cladding denoted as T and the normal to the surface of the clad defined as N (Fig.…”

Section: Neutron Diffraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of residual stresses in laser clad AISI P20 tool steel on pre-hardened wrought P20 substrate

Chen

Conlon

Xue

et al. 2010

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Laser cladding is to deposit desired material onto the surface of a base material (or substrate) with a relatively low heat input to form a metallurgically sound and dense clad. This process has been successfully applied for repairing damaged high-value tooling to reduce their through-life cost. However, laser cladding, which needs to melt a small amount of a substrate along with cladding material, inevitably introduces residual stresses in both clad and substrate. The tensile residual stresses in the clad could adversely affect mechanical performance of the substrate being deposited. This paper presents an experimental study on process-induced residual stresses in laser clad AISI P20 tool steel onto pre-hardened wrought P20 base material and the correlation with microstructures using hole-drilling and neutron diffraction methods. Combined with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic analyses, the roles of solid-state phase transformations in the clad and heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the substrate during cladding and post-cladding heat treatments on the development and controllability of residual stresses in the P20 clad have been investigated, and the results could be beneficial to more effective repair of damaged plastic injection molds made by P20 tool steel. Crown

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“…Since both BEC and XEC can be experimentally determined on a polycrystalline specimen, the theoretical relation connecting these constants to SEC can be used to calculate SEC. On this basis, Hauk & Kockelmann (1979) determined SEC of a cubic and a hexagonal crystal. In their formulation for a cubic crystal, they used K, G, sl(hkl) and ½s2(hkl).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of single-crystal elastic constants from a cubic polycrystalline aggregate

Hayakawa¹,

Imai²,

Oka³

1985

J Appl Cryst

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A method for determining cubic stiffness constants from polcrystalline Young's modulus and X-ray elastic constants is described. The relations used among these elastic constants are those based on Kr6ner's quasiisotropic model. The X-ray elastic constants required [Sl(hkl)] are obtained by measuring various (hkl) d spacings of a stressed specimen under symmetric 0-20 scan mode. An application to an Fe-31Ni alloy has given the results: CI~ = 1.47, C~2 = 1.05 and C44 = 1"24 × 1011 Pa.

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Röntgenographische Elastizitätskonstanten ferritischer, austenitischer und gehärteter Stähle

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

Measurement of single-crystal elastic constants by neutron diffraction from polycrystals

Measurement of single-crystal elastic constants by neutron diffraction from polycrystals

Experimental study of residual stresses in laser clad AISI P20 tool steel on pre-hardened wrought P20 substrate

Determination of single-crystal elastic constants from a cubic polycrystalline aggregate

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