Room temperature magnetism of few-nanometers-thick Fe3O4(111) films on Pt(111) and Ru(0001) studied in ambient conditions

Lewandowski, Mikołaj; Miłosz, Zygmunt; Michalak, Natalia; Ranecki, R.; Sveklo, I.; Kurant, Z.; Maziewski, A.; Mielcarek, S.; Luciński, T.; Jurga, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2015.04.060

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Finally, a single line L (black contour), spectral intensity below 0.5% is from dilute 57 Fe impurities in the Pt substrate, accumulated during the numerous preparation cycles. Concerning the orientation of spontaneous magnetization, from a CEMS measurement, in which the sample was irradiated along the normal, we unambiguously found that the film is magnetized in-plane, similar to ultrathin Fe 3 O 4 (111) films on Ru(0001) . This remains in strong contrast to Fe 3 O 4 (001) films on Mg(001), which have always shown a perpendicular magnetization component in a remanent state. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Concerning the orientation of spontaneous magnetization, from a CEMS measurement, in which the sample was irradiated along the normal, we unambiguously found that the film is magnetized in-plane, similar to ultrathin Fe 3 O 4 (111) films on Ru(0001). 53 This remains in strong contrast to Fe 3 O 4 (001) films on Mg(001), which have always shown a perpendicular magnetization component in a remanent state. 54,55 The film exhibited a (1 × 1) hexagonal LEED pattern (Figure 2b), which is characteristic of regular by our atomically resolved STM images (compare Figure 2d), which reveal a hexagonal lattice of low-profile protrusions with a 6 Å periodicity.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe₃O₄(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

et al. 2019

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We analyzed the formation of biphase superstructures on the (111)-oriented epitaxial magnetite films on Pt(111) as a function of controlled film stoichiometry. The stoichiometry of the films several nanometers thick was changed by ultra-high vacuum in situ deposition of a few monolayers of metallic iron onto the stoichiometric film, followed by annealing. The samples were characterized in situ. The surface structure was determined using low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy, whereas the phase composition and electronic structure were verified using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) with isotopic 57 Fe probe layers. As a function of the added-Fe (ad-Fe) dose and annealing temperature, we identified four types of superstructures that were homogeneously distributed over the entire surface, and we associated them with an increasing degree of surface reduction. We have proposed a coherent atomic-scale model of the observed superstructures that explains them in terms of the modifications of the two outermost Fe atomic layers. CEMS also allowed us to follow in-depth changes accompanying the biphase occurrence. An excess of ad-Fe, which stabilizes a given surface superstructure, migrates toward the substrates, partially dissolves in Pt, and partially forms an interfacial layer with FeO stoichiometry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe₃O₄(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

et al. 2019

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“…Regarding the magnetic fields required to modify their domains, to the best of our knowledge there are no measurements of hysteresis cycles of individual islands. Nanometer thick magnetite films on Ru(0001) have a reported coercive field around 30 mT . Our own research on magnetite islands grown on bulk Ru crystals has shown that fields of a few mT are enough to modify the shape anisotropy patterns in a reversible way and that fields of 40–50 mT are needed to modify their magnetization patterns in remanence .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Platform for Addressing Individual Magnetite Islands Grown Epitaxially on Ru(0001) and Manipulating Their Magnetic Domains

Ruiz-Gómez

M.²,

Fernández-González

et al. 2023

Crystal Growth & Design

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We have grown high-quality magnetite micrometric islands on ruthenium stripes on sapphire through a combination of magnetron sputtering (Ru film), high-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (oxide islands), and optical lithography. The samples have been characterized by atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism in a photoemission microscope. The magnetic domains on the magnetite islands can be modified by the application of current pulses through the Ru stripes in combination with magnetic fields. The modification of the magnetic domains is explained by the Oersted field generated by the electrical current flowing through the stripes underneath the magnetite nanostructures. The fabrication method is applicable to a wide variety of rock salt and spinel oxides.

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“…However, the out-of-plane magnetization component is not the general feature of epitaxial magnetite films, and in-plane magnetization was found for the (111)-oriented magnetite films on metallic substrates, Pt(111) [ 46 , 47 ] and Ru(0001) [ 48 ]. This is, to some extent, astonishing because in the Fe 3 O 4 (111) films, one of the easy axes is perpendicular to the surface, whereas the other three form an angle 70.5° from the surface normal, as compared to the (001) orientation, with no perpendicular easy axes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic-Field-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Engineering of Fe3O4 Ultrathin Films on MgO(111)

et al. 2023

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Molecular beam epitaxy is widely used for engineering low-dimensional materials. Here, we present a novel extension of the capabilities of this method by assisting epitaxial growth with the presence of an external magnetic field (MF). MF-assisted epitaxial growth was implemented under ultra-high vacuum conditions thanks to specialized sample holders for generating in-plane or out-of-plane MF and dedicated manipulator stations with heating and cooling options. The significant impact of MF on the magnetic properties was shown for ultra-thin epitaxial magnetite films grown on MgO(111). Using in situ and ex situ characterization methods, scanning tunneling microscopy, conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, and the magneto-optic Kerr effect, we showed that the in-plane MF applied during the reactive deposition of 10 nm Fe3O4(111)/MgO(111) heterostructures influenced the growth morphology of the magnetite films, which affects both in-plane and out-of-plane characteristics of the magnetization process. The observed changes are explained in terms of modification of the effective magnetic anisotropy.

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Room temperature magnetism of few-nanometers-thick Fe3O4(111) films on Pt(111) and Ru(0001) studied in ambient conditions

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe₃O₄(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe₃O₄(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

A Platform for Addressing Individual Magnetite Islands Grown Epitaxially on Ru(0001) and Manipulating Their Magnetic Domains

Magnetic-Field-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Engineering of Fe3O4 Ultrathin Films on MgO(111)

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Room temperature magnetism of few-nanometers-thick Fe3O4(111) films on Pt(111) and Ru(0001) studied in ambient conditions

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe3O4(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe3O4(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

A Platform for Addressing Individual Magnetite Islands Grown Epitaxially on Ru(0001) and Manipulating Their Magnetic Domains

Magnetic-Field-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Engineering of Fe3O4 Ultrathin Films on MgO(111)

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Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe₃O₄(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction

Superstructures on Epitaxial Fe₃O₄(111) Films: Biphase Formation versus the Degree of Reduction