Room-temperature spontaneous superradiance from single diamond nanocrystals

Bradac, Carlo; Johnsson, Mattias; Breugel, Matthew van; Baragiola, Ben Q.; Martin, Rochelle; Juan, Mathieu L.; Brennen, Gavin K.; Volz, Thomas

doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01397-4

Cited by 116 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…An increase of the decay rate, or superradiance, was independently confirmed in our high-NV-density nanodiamonds through a set of scattering experiments 26 . Due to the large variation in ZPL position in a single nanodiamond, only sub-domains of NVs within narrow frequency windows are expected to act cooperatively.…”

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confidence: 98%

Cooperatively enhanced dipole forces from artificial atoms in trapped nanodiamonds

et al. 2016

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Optical trapping is a powerful tool to manipulate small particles, from micrometre-size beads in liquid environments 1 to single atoms in vacuum 2 . The trapping mechanism relies on the interaction between a dipole and the electric field of laser light. In atom trapping, the dominant contribution to the associated force typically comes from the allowed optical transition closest to the laser wavelength, whereas for mesoscopic particles it is given by the polarizability of the bulk material. Here, we show that for nanoscale diamond crystals containing a large number of artificial atoms, nitrogen-vacancy colour centres, the contributions from both the nanodiamond and the colour centres to the optical trapping strength can be simultaneously observed in a noisy liquid environment. For wavelengths around the zero-phonon line transition of the colour centres, we observe a 10% increase of overall trapping strength. The magnitude of this e ect suggests that due to the large density of centres, cooperative e ects between the artificial atoms contribute to the observed modification of the trapping strength. Our approach may enable the study of cooperativity in nanoscale solid-state systems and the use of atomic physics techniques in the field of nano-manipulation.Light forces are key to many cold-atom experiments. Atoms exhibit sharp electronic transitions; these are associated with a pole in the complex atomic polarizability that ultimately enables detuning-and state-dependent optical manipulation. The strength of the optical forces, both reactive and dissipative, can be controlled via detuning of the laser from the atomic resonance. In the case of the reactive dipole force, which is at the centre of this work, the sign of the detuning even determines whether the optical potential associated with the force is repulsive (photon energy larger than the transition energy) or attractive (photon energy smaller than the transition energy). Complex optical near-field traps for cold atoms have been demonstrated 3 as a result of this extra degree of freedom.

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Cooperatively enhanced dipole forces from artificial atoms in trapped nanodiamonds

et al. 2016

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“…We conclude with some remarks relating our findings to the recent studies of dipole force on colour centres embedded in nano-diamonds [13,14]. In the experiment [13], the underlying mechanism for the large dephasing at room temperature is mediated via phonon interactions [36] and consequently changes rapidly with the temperature of the lattice.…”

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confidence: 82%

“…In the experiment [13], the underlying mechanism for the large dephasing at room temperature is mediated via phonon interactions [36] and consequently changes rapidly with the temperature of the lattice. Since we have demonstrated that the presence of large collective dephasing is crucial to the observation of the enhanced dipole force, this raises the prospect of repeating the experiment [13], or even life-time measurements in [14], at lower temperatures. At lower temperatures, the dephasing will be reduced which should lead to a strong modification or even suppression of collective effects.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…With the advent of artificial atoms in solid state systems, e.g. quantum dots [9], superconducting qubits [10,11] and colour centers in diamond [12][13][14], it is now possible to study the impact of cooperative effects on other aspects of the optical response. In particular, a recent experiment [13] studied the dipole force on optically trapped nanodiamonds containing a high density of Nitrogen vacancy (NVs) centers.…”

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Cooperative Effects in Closely Packed Quantum Emitters with Collective Dephasing

2018

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In a closely packed ensemble of quantum emitters, cooperative effects are typically suppressed due to the dephasing induced by the dipole-dipole interactions. Here, we show that by adding sufficiently strong collective dephasing cooperative effects can be restored. In particular, we show that the dipole force on a closely packed ensemble of strongly driven two-level quantum emitters, which collectively dephase, is enhanced in comparison to the dipole force on an independent non-interacting ensemble. Our results are relevant to solid state systems with embedded quantum emitters such as colour centers in diamond and superconducting qubits in microwave cavities and waveguides. A collection of two-level quantum emitters (TLEs) with sub-wavelength average separations can show remarkable cooperative behaviour like superradiant emission [1][2][3]. The study of optical response in such systems has predominantly been restricted to the emission properties or the propagation of light within the TLE ensemble. This is because the systems usually considered in the early days [2,4], as well as in some recent works [5][6][7][8], are gaseous clouds of atoms. With the advent of artificial atoms in solid state systems, e.g. quantum dots [9], superconducting qubits [10,11] and colour centers in diamond [12][13][14], it is now possible to study the impact of cooperative effects on other aspects of the optical response. In particular, a recent experiment [13] studied the dipole force on optically trapped nanodiamonds containing a high density of Nitrogen vacancy (NVs) centers. An intriguing result in [13] was that the observed dipole force originating from the emitters could not be correctly accounted for by considering the emitters to respond independently.In this work, we focus on cooperative effects in a small and closely packed ensemble of TLEs subject to strong coherent driving and collective dephasing. In particular, we show that the dipole force on such an ensemble can be larger than on an equivalent one where each TLE spontaneously emits independently. For the emitter separations that we consider here, the dipole-dipole interaction can be larger than the line-width of the individual emitters. Furthermore, spontaneous emission is not perfectly collective. In this situation, one typically expects cooperative effects to be suppressed [2,15]. Here, we show that the combination of strong driving and large collective dephasing can restore cooperative effects, even in the presence of dipole interaction shifts and non-collective spontaneous emission. While there have been previous studies of cooperative effects with strong driving fields [16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the role of collective dephasing has received less attention [10,13]. In the context of Quantum Information, collective decoherence in general, and collective dephasing in particular, has been studied both theoretically [23][24][25] and experimentally [26,27]. There, particular attention was paid to the existence and robustness of so called decoherence free sub-spaces (D...

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“…where the summation is on the upper states for all allowed transitions between a state jñ | and the next state j 1 -ñ | down the SR cascade, with γ j,j−1 the corresponding transition rate [5]. In equation (19) we also assumed that all transitions result in the emission of a photon of energy ÿω. Although, as we will soon show, this is not the case for the interacting SR system, this approximation is perfectly adequate for the present discussion.…”

Section: Intensities and Timescalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interacting superradiance samples: modified intensities and timescales, and frequency shifts

Houde

Rajabi

2018

J. Phys. Commun.

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We consider the interaction between distinct superradiance (SR) systems and use the dressed state formalism to solve the case of two interacting two-atom SR samples at resonance. We show that the ensuing entanglement modifies the transition rates and intensities of radiation, as well as introduces a potentially measurable frequency chirp in the SR cascade, the magnitude of which being a function of the separation between the samples. For the dominant SR cascade we find a significant reduction in the duration and an increase of the intensity of the SR pulse relative to the case of a single two-atom SR sample.

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Room-temperature spontaneous superradiance from single diamond nanocrystals

Cited by 116 publications

References 39 publications

Cooperatively enhanced dipole forces from artificial atoms in trapped nanodiamonds

Cooperatively enhanced dipole forces from artificial atoms in trapped nanodiamonds

Cooperative Effects in Closely Packed Quantum Emitters with Collective Dephasing

Interacting superradiance samples: modified intensities and timescales, and frequency shifts

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