Root and time dependent soil structure formation and its influence on gas transport in the subsoil

Uteau, Daniel; Pagenkemper, Sebastian K.; Peth, Stephan; Horn, Rainer

doi:10.1016/j.still.2013.05.001

Cited by 102 publications

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References 50 publications

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“…Field based evidence of the capacity of plant roots to enhance mechanical resilience of soil was provided by Gregory et al (2007), who found penetration resistance of a compacted soil to decrease far more in the presence of roots than in fallow soil in a sandy loam soil. The capacity of plant roots to restructure compacted soils is well reported (Uteau et al 2013;Bodner et al 2014), driven by a combination of roots fracturing soil, enhancing cycles of wetting and drying, producing biopores and secreting exudates (Gregory et al 2013;Materechera et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant exudates improve the mechanical conditions for root penetration through compacted soils

et al. 2017

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Background and aim Plant exudates greatly affect the physical behaviour of soil, but measurements of the impact of exudates on compression characteristics are missing. Our aim is to provide these data and explore how plant exudates may enhance the restructuring of compacted soils following cycles of wetting and drying. Methods Two soils were amended with Chia (Salvia hispanica) seed exudate at 5 concentrations, compacted in cores to 200 kPa stress (equivalent to tractor stress), equilibrated to −50 kPa matric potential, and then compacted to 600 kPa (equivalent to axial root stress) followed by 3 cycles of wetting and drying and recompression to 600 kPa at −50 kPa matric potential. Penetration resistance (PR), compression index (C C ) and pore characteristics were measured at various steps.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant exudates improve the mechanical conditions for root penetration through compacted soils

et al. 2017

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“…Changes in O 2 concentration in each chamber were continuously measured using oxygen microsensors (UNISENSE A/S). Further details concerning the calculation of the diffusion coefficient (D s ) are given in Uteau et al (). Gas diffusivity is expressed by a relative diffusion coefficient (D s /D 0 ) with D 0 representing the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in free air at given temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions ( Gliński and Stępniewski , ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil aeration and soil respiration of simulated grave soils after quicklime application

Mordhorst

Zimmermann

Fleige

et al. 2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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The decomposition of buried human remains on cemeteries can be delayed in poorly aerated graves due to high water levels and a low permeable pore system for oxygen and water transport. With aim to improve the soil aeration properties in the burial environment, the addition of quicklime (CaO) to the grave backfill was tested. Quicklime is expected to promote a stronger aggregation and stabilization of the backfilled soil mainly by forcing an immediate dehydration and particle cementation processes. Two different grave simulations (without buried corpses) were prepared: (1) mixing the grave backfill with 20 kg m−3 quicklime (“CaO”) and (2) backfill without CaO (“NIL”) on a cemetery in Northern Germany. The soil type was a Terric Anthrosol (Stagnic) with a loamy sand texture. Undisturbed soil cores were taken from two depths before and after excavation and backfill at regular intervals of 3 months in order to analyze changes in (1) gaseous transport functions expressed by air‐filled porosity, air permeability (air permeameter), gas diffusivity (double chamber method) and related pore continuity indices as well as in (2) soil respiration (alkali trap method) representing microbial activity. Results clearly demonstrated a more conductive pore system in the CaO variant reflected by higher gas diffusivity and air permeability over 1 year compared to the NIL variant. Pore continuity indices also indicated a more connective pore system for the CaO variant. Effects of CaO application on soil respiration rate differed between the quarterly sampling times. Results indicated that microorganism were still active under alkaline soil conditions induced by CaO application, but the quantitative determination of biologically produced CO2 is influenced by chemical reactions when hydrated quicklime [Ca(OH)2] was reformed to limestone under consumption of CO2. The experiments indicate that the application of quicklime is a promising approach to improve aeration properties of grave soils and is therefore proposed as an adequate method to improve the aeration of burials on cemeteries.

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“…Biological activity, root density and nutrient concentrations are greater in the topsoil than in the subsoil, which reflects a greater impact of the topsoil than the subsoil on crop performance (Kautz et al, 2013;Uteau et al, 2013). Hence, the higher soil porosity and higher gas transport capability (higher k a and higher D p /D 0 ) of the topsoil in MP than in NT would indicate more favourable crop growth conditions in MP, especially during early crop development.…”

Section: Soil Aeration and Implications For Plant Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two decades of no-till in the Oberacker long-term field experiment: Part II. Soil porosity and gas transport parameters

Martínez

Chervet²,

Weisskopf

et al. 2016

Soil and Tillage Research

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Root and time dependent soil structure formation and its influence on gas transport in the subsoil

Cited by 102 publications

References 50 publications

Plant exudates improve the mechanical conditions for root penetration through compacted soils

Plant exudates improve the mechanical conditions for root penetration through compacted soils

Changes in soil aeration and soil respiration of simulated grave soils after quicklime application

Two decades of no-till in the Oberacker long-term field experiment: Part II. Soil porosity and gas transport parameters

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