Root Canal Microbiome Associated With Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis as Determined by High-Throughput Sequencing

Amaral, Rodrigo Rodrigues; Braga, Tiago Pinheiro; Siqueira, José F.; Rôças, Isabela N.; Rachid, Caio Tavora Coelho da Costa; Oliveira, Anna Gabriella Guimarães; Côrtes, Maria Ilma de Souza; Love, Robert M.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2022.01.012

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Apical periodontitis (AP) is an oral inflammatory disease with a worldwide prevalence of 52% according to a recent epidemiological study [ 1 ]. Bacterial infection in the periapical area, such as infection of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) with its high proinflammatory ability [ 2 , 3 ], is believed to be a main cause of apical inflammation. In contrast, macrophages in the periapical tissue are responsible for recognizing and eliminating bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusobacterium nucleatum triggers proinflammatory cell death via Z-DNA binding protein 1 in apical periodontitis

Liu

Fan

et al. 2022

Cell Commun Signal

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Background Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is a vital innate immune sensor that regulates inflammation during pathogen invasion. ZBP1 may contribute to pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis in infectious diseases. In this study, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) infection caused periapical inflammation through proinflammatory cell death and ZBP1 was involved in regulating the inflammatory activities caused by F. nucleatum infection in apical periodontitis (AP). Methods Human periapical tissues were tested by fluorescent in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR) and western blotting. F. nucleatum-infected and F. nucleatum extracellular vesicles (F. nucleatum-EVs)-treated RAW264.7 cells were used to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines and different cell death mechanisms by qRT‒PCR and western blotting. ZBP1 expression in F. nucleatum-infected tissues and RAW264.7 cells was detected by qRT‒PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, the expression of ZBP1 was inhibited by siRNA and different cell death pathways, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, and inflammatory cytokines were measured in F. nucleatum-infected RAW264.7 cells. Results F. nucleatum was detected in AP tissues. F. nucleatum-infected RAW264.7 cells polarized to the M1 phenotype, and this was accompanied by inflammatory cytokine production. High levels of ZBP1 and GSDME (gasdermin E)-mediated pyroptosis, caspase-3-mediated apoptosis and MLKL-mediated necroptosis (PANoptosis) were identified in F. nucleatum-infected tissues and RAW264.7 cells. ZBP1 inhibition reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion and the occurrence of PANoptosis. Conclusion The present study identified a previously unknown role of ZBP1 in regulating F. nucleatum-induced proinflammatory cell death and inflammatory activation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusobacterium nucleatum triggers proinflammatory cell death via Z-DNA binding protein 1 in apical periodontitis

Liu

Fan

et al. 2022

Cell Commun Signal

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“…The main pathogenic microorganisms of chronic periapical in ammation are specialized anaerobic bacteria, and the main microbial species detected using Illumina sequencing methods are reported to be Phylum Thicket and Phylum Bacillus [37]. Therefore, effective root canal disinfection and infection control are the primary conditions for success.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp with the synergy of concentrate growth factor: An in vitro and in vivo study

Xie¹,

Feng²,

Hu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objectives This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of successful autologous pulp transplantation through semi-in situ pulp regeneration in animal experiments and three case reports of autologous pulp transplantation protocols using concentrated growth factor (CGF)-enriched pulp. Material and methods Wisdom tooth pulp was removed, placed in the anterior molar canal, and implanted in the subcranial space of the cranial apex of SD rats to establish an animal model of hemi-in situ pulp regeneration. Postoperative histological observations were performed. Three patients diagnosed with chronic periapical inflammation in a single canal of the anterior teeth and satisfied with the presence of wisdom teeth were recruited, and the CGF-rich autologous pulp transplantation protocol was selected after obtaining informed consent. Result Animal experiments showed no detachment of all SD rat grafts after surgery, a large amount of neovascularization by HE staining, and positive vascular expression by immunohistochemistry for both human CD31 and murine CD31. The three patients were followed at 3 and 6 months after surgery, and all teeth showed improvement in periapical lesions and positive pulp electrical vitality tests. Conclusion The results of animal experiments indicate that isolated pulp can survive and establish a blood supply with the host, and the addition of CGF facilitates regenerative pulp formation. The clinical results also demonstrated that CGF-rich autologous pulp transplantation protocols are a good regenerative pulp therapy (RET) for the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis in anterior teeth.

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“…Finally, Bacteroidaceae_[G-1] [G-1]_bacterium_HMT_272 is a novel, uncultivated, unnamed, and uncharacterized taxon. Little is known about this organism, however, it has been identified as the most prevalent phylotype in apical periodontitis lesions ( Amaral et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgingival Microbiome in Pregnancy and a Potential Relationship to Early Term Birth

Yang

Claussen

Arthur

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundPeriodontal disease in pregnancy is considered a risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. Periodontal disease has a microbial etiology, however, the current state of knowledge about the subgingival microbiome in pregnancy is not well understood.ObjectiveTo characterize the structure and diversity of the subgingival microbiome in early and late pregnancy and explore relationships between the subgingival microbiome and preterm birth among pregnant Black women.MethodsThis longitudinal descriptive study used 16S rRNA sequencing to profile the subgingival microbiome of 59 Black women and describe microbial ecology using alpha and beta diversity metrics. We also compared microbiome features across early (8-14 weeks) and late (24-30 weeks) gestation overall and according to gestational age at birth outcomes (spontaneous preterm, spontaneous early term, full term).ResultsIn this sample of Black pregnant women, the top twenty bacterial taxa represented in the subgingival microbiome included a spectrum representative of various stages of biofilm progression leading to periodontal disease, including known periopathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia. Other organisms associated with periodontal disease reflected in the subgingival microbiome included several Prevotella spp., and Campylobacter spp. Measures of alpha or beta diversity did not distinguish the subgingival microbiome of women according to early/late gestation or full term/spontaneous preterm birth; however, alpha diversity differences in late pregnancy between women who spontaneously delivered early term and women who delivered full term were identified. Several taxa were also identified as being differentially abundant according to early/late gestation, and full term/spontaneous early term births.ConclusionsAlthough the composition of the subgingival microbiome is shifted toward complexes associated with periodontal disease, the diversity of the microbiome remains stable throughout pregnancy. Several taxa were identified as being associated with spontaneous early term birth. Two, in particular, are promising targets of further investigation. Depletion of the oral commensal Lautropia mirabilis in early pregnancy and elevated levels of Prevotella melaninogenica in late pregnancy were both associated with spontaneous early term birth.

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Root Canal Microbiome Associated With Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis as Determined by High-Throughput Sequencing

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

Fusobacterium nucleatum triggers proinflammatory cell death via Z-DNA binding protein 1 in apical periodontitis

Fusobacterium nucleatum triggers proinflammatory cell death via Z-DNA binding protein 1 in apical periodontitis

Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp with the synergy of concentrate growth factor: An in vitro and in vivo study

Subgingival Microbiome in Pregnancy and a Potential Relationship to Early Term Birth

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