Root canal system of the mandibular incisor

Miyashita, Masatoshi; Kasahara, Etsuo; Yasuda, Eiichi; Yamamoto, Akio; Sekizawa, Toshiro

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(97)80305-6

Cited by 95 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The most frequent ramification was lateral canals (8.3%), as was the case in a number of previous studies (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The number of ramifications was significantly higher for teeth with two canals than for teeth with one canal, as was noted in a previous study (22). These results suggest that RCS complexity is positively associated with the number of canals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Effectiveness of three methods for evaluating root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Several methods are used to investigate root canal morphology, including root sectioning, modeling, radiographic examination, tooth-clearing technique, and CBCT and micro-CT imaging (3,5,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Micro-CT and tooth-clearing technique are considered the gold standards for such assessment (13,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of three methods for evaluating root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors

et al. 2016

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“…However, this study and others (22) did not appear to section the teeth perpendicular to the long axis of the canal at the level apical constriction and therefore, the measurements may not be accurate. Miyashita et al (32) used transparent sections and demonstrated that the constriction of mandibular incisors were adequately debrided with a #40 file in 60% of the teeth. However, this study did not specifically evaluate the apical constriction but instead instrumented teeth at various distances (e.g.…”

Section: Diameter Of the Apical Constrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Apical Instrumentation in Root Canal Treatment: A Review of the Literature

Baugh

Wallace

2005

Journal of Endodontics

144

113

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The issue of final apical preparation size remains controversial despite considerable clinical and in vitro research. The astute clinician must be aware of this research before choosing any instrumentation system because the informed clinician's decision must be guided by the best available evidenced-based information. This review article generated a Medline-based search strategy to disclose these studies and provides a critique and summary of the results.From the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Address request for reprints to Dean Baugh, DDS. E-mail address: baughdf@yahoo.com.Copyright © 2005 by the American Association of Endodontists T he most important objective of root canal therapy is to minimize the number of microorganisms and pathologic debris in root canal systems to prevent or treat apical periodontitis. This process of chemomechanical debridement, or cleaning of the root canal systems, has been described as the removal of all of the contents of the root canal systems before and during shaping. Grossman (1) described mechanical cleaning as the most important part of root canal therapy. Schilder (2) also considered cleaning and shaping as the foundation for successful endodontic therapy.Thorough instrumentation of the apical region has long been considered to be an essential component in the cleaning and shaping process. It was discussed as a critical step as early as 1931 by Groove (3). Simon (4) later recognized the apical area as the critical zone for instrumentation. Other authors (5, 6) concluded that the last few millimeters that approach the apical foramen are critical in the instrumentation process. Mechanical instrumentation and irrigation are sound endodontic principles and essential components of successful endodontics (7,8). Research has shown that mechanical instrumentation greatly reduces the number of microorganisms remaining in the root canal system. Mechanical instrumentation (9) has been shown to reduce bacterial count even without irrigants or dressings. A combination of mechanical instrumentation and irrigation (9, 10) further reduced the number of microorganisms by 100 to 1000 times. However, mechanical instrumentation with irrigation does not reliably disinfect an infected root canal system (11-14).Manufacturers developed nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation systems to facilitate the cleaning and shaping process. They are popular because of their apparent ease of use and reduced number of instruments. However, Spangberg (6) noted that the strong emphasis on reducing the number of instruments and limiting apical preparations to small sizes does not produce clean apical preparations in diseased teeth. Given this controversial and important topic, we conducted a broad-based Medline search of the literature to characterize the major factors involved in apical canal instrumentation. Table 1 provides the Medline search strategy used to identify relevant articles for this review. A secondary search was then conducted using the refere...

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“…Root canal degree of curvature is highly dependent on tooth type [1][2][3] as canal shape roughly corresponds to its root shape [4]. Endodontic literature agrees on most root canals having some degree of curvature [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Phase Transformations in NiTi Endodontic Files and Fatigue Resistance

Correia

Nogueira

Silva

et al. 2009

ESOMAT 2009 - 8th European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations

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Abstract. NiTi endodontic files allow for clinical enlargement of harshly curved root canals. However, files rotated under severe flexion might fracture unexpectedly, remain inside teeth and thus, hinder treatment outcome. ProFile .06(35) are among the most commonly used rotary files. In the present study, 10 of these brand new instruments were used to perform DSC on their cutting regions and determine the amount of R-phase present at 10, 20, 37, and 65ºC, both during cooling and heating programmed cycles. Another 48 new ProFile .06(35) instruments underwent rotation/flexion assays at 300 rpm and 10 mm radius of curvature. Files were divided into four groups of 12 instruments each. Each group was tested at 10, 20, 37, and 65ºC. The number of cycles to fracture (N f ) and the length of the broken segment (L f ) were determined for each tested file. Results show no statistically s as for L f in all groups. On the contrary, N f depends highly on testing temperature: as temperature increases from 10 to 37 ºC, N f strikingly decreases; from 37 and 65 ºC, no significant changes in N f occur. As for DSC results, it is clearly shown that R-phase is most abundant at 10 ºC and consistently decreases up to 37ºC, both during heating and cooling; from 37 to 65 ºC, the quantity of R-phase in the alloy is negligible. In conclusion, it is shown that fatigue resistance in ProFile .06(35) instruments is not only highly enhanced but also proportional to the amount of R-phase in the alloy. BackgroundRoot canal degree of curvature is highly dependent on tooth type [1-3] as canal shape roughly corresponds to its root shape [4]. Endodontic literature agrees on most root canals having some degree of curvature [5]. Stainless steel files produce more canal transportation in curved canals than their Ni-Ti rotary counterparts, both in acrylic simulated root canals [6,7], and in extracted teeth [8,9]. Dalton et al. [10] showed, in vivo, that Ni-Ti files and stainless steel files are equally effective in reducing intracanalar bacteria when matched for size. However, if more tapered Ni-Ti files are used, then rotary files allow for better irrigation at working length [11,12] and, hence, for a better apical cleaning. The faster results obtained with Ni-Ti rotary files [13,14] have also made them increasingly popular among clinicians and their use is now even taught at undergraduate level [15][16][17].The major drawback of Ni-Ti instrumentation is file rupture. Iqbal et al. [18] report that the odds for rotary Ni-Ti file breaking were seven times more than for hand stainless steel file separation in graduate clinical setting. Spili et al. [19] report similar findings in a population of experienced endodontists, which accounts for the overall perception among general practitioners that Ni-Ti files break more often than hand stainless steel files [20]. Reliable data on Ni-Ti fragments that remain inside root canals is still scarce. Spili et al. [19] are, so far, the only authors who investigated the influence of retained Ni-Ti fragments on p...

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Root canal system of the mandibular incisor

Cited by 95 publications

References 12 publications

Effectiveness of three methods for evaluating root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors

Effectiveness of three methods for evaluating root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors

The Role of Apical Instrumentation in Root Canal Treatment: A Review of the Literature

Phase Transformations in NiTi Endodontic Files and Fatigue Resistance

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