Root canal therapy by means of apicectomy

A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of root surfaces and the gutta‐percha interface following root‐end resection in vitro

“…Rough surface finishes were observed following resection with low‐speed tungsten carbide cross‐cut cylindrical and round surgical burs, and medium grit cylindrical diamond bur (high‐speed). A flat smooth root surface following root‐end resection has been preferred by many authors ( Trice 1959, James 1963, Hill 1970, Taylor & Bump 1984, Gutmann & Harrison 1985). Likewise, it has been recommended that any sharp edges or spurs of root structure should be removed ( Gutmann 1986).…”

“…Whilst it has been proposed that for satisfactory results to be obtained, the resection procedure should produce a clean, flat, bevelled root face, whilst avoiding a scooping or ditching effect ( Gutmann & Harrison 1985), the choice of instrument for the root‐end resection is controversial, and a variety of burs have been recommended for this procedure. These include surgical length fissure burs ( Trice 1959, Hill 1970, Luebke 1974, Cunningham 1975, Taylor & Bump 1984), cross‐cut fissure burs ( James 1963, Block & Bushell 1982), round burs ( James 1963), plain fissure burs ( Nedderman et al . 1988 ), and diamond burs ( Gutmann & Harrison 1991).…”