Root cause study on hydrogen generation and explosion through radiation-induced electrolysis in the Fukushima Daiichi accident

Saji, Genn

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.01.039

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A number of authors focused on the manufacture of thin films of various metal oxides and phosphate compounds using stable metal complexes [113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131]. This is the molecular precursor method (MPM), one of the chemical processes used to make thin films.…”

Section: Investigation Of the Physicochemical Properties Of Polymer N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and trends in the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and nanotechnology researches

2022

ijp

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According to the estimates of many authors, in 10-15 years, the world market for nanotechnology products will amount to about 1 trillion $. The share of nanomaterials, in this case, is very large (about 340 billion). Therefore, research on nanomaterials properties becomes one of the most important tasks of the science of nanostructured materials. In this regard, it will be essential to expand research on the influence of size and thermal stability; as two common problems for almost all types of nanomaterials. This review article will discuss the most popular topics on nanomaterials, nanostructures, their history, characteristics and classification as well as status of their scientific articles published in recent years. This study focuses on a range of topics related to the development, research and manufacturing applications of nanomaterials and nanotechnology. There are many problems and challenges that scientists are investigating on them. For example: what are the main differences between the properties of interfaces of nanomaterials (including hybrid ones) from the characteristics of ordinary bulk states? How widely can the self-assembly technique of nanoscale devices elements be developed, considering possible installation errors?

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Section: Investigation Of the Physicochemical Properties Of Polymer N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and trends in the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and nanotechnology researches

2022

ijp

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“…The tsunami destroyed the shoreline cooling pumps and led to a series of loss of coolant accidents that left all three operating reactor cores unable to be cooled (TEPCO, 2012). Left without a means of reducing reactor temperatures, the Fukushima Dai-ichi atomic reactors melted down and experienced hydrogen explosions (Saji, 2016). These cataclysmic events released significant quantities of radioactive gases, dusts, and debris into the atmosphere (Shozugawa et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioactive Isotopes Measured at Olympic and Paralympic Venues in Fukushima Prefecture and Tokyo, Japan

Kaltofen

Gundersen²,

Gundersen³

2021

Environmental Engineering Science

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This study detected modest radioactive contamination at Olympic venues in Japan, and found significant alpha-, beta-, and gamma-emitter contamination at Japan's National Training Center. A total of 146 independent soil and dust samples were collected from sites in Fukushima Prefecture, Greater Tokyo, and the heavily traveled corridors between these northern Japan locations to assess radiological contamination related to the Fukushima meltdowns. Thirty-six samples were collected from 2020 Olympic/Paralympic venues, including Yoyogi National Stadium, Shiokaze Park, Olympic Village, Imperial Palace Gardens (all in Tokyo), Azuma Stadium in Fukushima, and the J-Village Olympic and Paralympic National Training Center. Samples were analyzed for beta activity and alpha activity per unit area (Bq/cm 2), supplemented by gamma and alpha spectroscopy, with scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Mean beta activity was two orders of magnitude greater than mean alpha activity, 459-36 net Becquerel per square meter (Bq/m 2) versus 5.20-2.00 Bq/m 2 , respectively. Alpha and beta activities were not correlated, with a Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (RSQ) of 0.063. Greater Tokyo Olympic venues showed activities similar to those in the USA control set. In contrast to the Tokyo venues, the mean beta activity for J-Village Training Center samples was 2.4 times higher than for the Greater Tokyo samples. Azuma Park, the Fukushima Baseball venue, was 1.6 times higher than Greater Tokyo venues. The overall Northern Japan sample set displayed an average of 7.0 times greater beta activity than the Tokyo Olympic venues, evidencing the relative success of remediation at Olympic/ Paralympic venues compared with other parts of Japan.

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“…In this way the operability and integrity of rods at regular (300–400 °C) and accidental temperature conditions (above 800 °C) are reduced. In Fukushima (2011), fuel rods corrosion occurred at accidental temperatures so high that the radioactive products leaked into the environment [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Coating Reduces Nuclear Fuel Rod Corrosion at Accidental Temperatures: The Role of Surface Electrochemistry and Semiconductivity

et al. 2021

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If we want to decrease the probability of accidents in nuclear reactors, we must control the surface corrosion of the fuel rods. In this work we used a diamond coating containing <60% diamond and >40% sp2 “soft” carbon phase to protect Zr alloy fuel rods (ZIRLO ®) against corrosion in steam at temperatures from 850 °C to 1000 °C. A diamond coating was grown in a pulse microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus and made a strong barrier against hydrogen uptake into ZIRLO® (ZIRLO) under all tested conditions. The coating also reduced ZIRLO corrosion in hot steam at 850 °C (for 60 min) and at 900 °C (for 30 min). However, the protective ability of the diamond coating decreased after 20 min in 1000 °C hot steam. The main goal of this work was to explain how diamond and sp2 “soft” carbon affect the ZIRLO fuel rod surface electrochemistry and semi conductivity and how these parameters influence the hot steam ZIRLO corrosion process. To achieve this goal, theoretical and experimental methods (scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, carrier gas hot extraction, oxidation kinetics, ab initio calculations) were applied. Deep understanding of ZIRLO surface processes and states enable us to reduce accidental temperature corrosion in nuclear reactors.

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Root cause study on hydrogen generation and explosion through radiation-induced electrolysis in the Fukushima Daiichi accident

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

Current status and trends in the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and nanotechnology researches

Current status and trends in the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and nanotechnology researches

Radioactive Isotopes Measured at Olympic and Paralympic Venues in Fukushima Prefecture and Tokyo, Japan

Diamond Coating Reduces Nuclear Fuel Rod Corrosion at Accidental Temperatures: The Role of Surface Electrochemistry and Semiconductivity

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