“…13,38,39 The types of errors that these recommendations aim to prevent are consistent with those reported by others. 14,16,18,23,30,31,34,40,41 Since the release of the Institute of Medicine report "To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System" in 1999, 42 health care providers, professional organizations, policymakers, and other stakeholders have worked to decrease medication errors in hospitals and throughout the health system. These steps traverse the medication-use process and include technology implementation (e.g., computerized prescriber order entry, bedside barcode-assisted medication administration systems, intelligent infusion devices), further integration of evidence-based guidelines in standardized order sets and clinical decision-support systems, establishment of patient safety and medication safety officer positions in hospitals, increased emphasis on the delivery of care through interdisciplinary team processes, emphasis on medication safety at transitions of care (e.g., medication reconciliation), and enhanced health professional education.…”