Root Characteristics of 44 Maize Inbreds Evaluated in Four Environments¹

Abstract

To study root characteristics, as well as potential tolerance to corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp.) of northern‐adapted genotypes, 44 maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds were evaluated at two locations in both 1974 and 1975 for vertical‐pull resistance at the pretassel and kernel milk stages of plant growth and, for root dry weight and root spread at the later growth stage. The inbreds also were evaluated at one location in 1975 for root‐rot resistance at the kernel dent stage of growth to determine its effect on pull resistance. Highly significant differences existed among inbreds for all characters measured. Although interactions of inbreds with environments were evident, the magnitude of these interactions were relatively small when compared to the differences among inbreds. Highly significant positive rank correlations for inbreds between environments were found for vertical‐pull resistance at both pretassel and milk stages; root dry weight; and nodal root spread. A highly significant simple correlation (r = 0.61) was found between root rot and percent loss in vertical‐pull resistance at the dent stage. The root characteristics measured appear to be relatively stable over environments and effective selection for each should be possible.

Genetic Analysis of Maize Root Characteristics in Response to Low Nitrogen Stress

“…Zaidi et al (2003) found that for most physiological traits and yield the correlation between maize parents and their crosses increased under low N. If so, then the performance of high generation inbreds under multi-level N supplies can be used to predict the performance of the hybrids. Betra´n et al (2003) also found a significant positive correlation between the hybrid and mid-parent grain yield under both high and low N conditions, with increased correlation under low N. A number of experiments have shown significant genetic variation in the root characteristics and architecture of maize (Hebert et al, 1992;Jenison et al, 1981;Landi et al, 1998). Some quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for root traits in maize have also been identified (Tuberosa et al, 2003).…”

Adaptation and Invasiveness of Western Corn Rootworm: Intensifying Research on a Worsening Pest

“…In the following years, a few inbred lines with improved resistance to corn rootworm larval feeding were developed (37). These lines were characterized by large, densely branched root systems and the ability for quick root regeneration after corn rootworm injury.…”

QTL mapping of phosphorus efficiency and relative biologic characteristics in maize (Zea mays L.) at two sites

“…The efficiency of selection for yield in low-P environment may be improved by selecting Pcorrelated traits. The traits related to efficient P uptake and metabolism have been suggested as selection parameters (Hinsinger 2001;Jenison et al 1981). Plants can actively improve their acquisition of P in several ways.…”