Root-Shoot Interactions in Peach: The Function of the Root

Richards, D.; Rowe, R. N.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085411

Cited by 69 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…McConnaughay & Bazzaz (1991) found that one species, Setaria faberii , suffered a reduction in reproduction and a delay in flowering time while the other, Abutilon theophrasti , displayed a relative increase in reproductive tissue when grown in isolation in larger rooting volumes. Both of these species had complex interactions with co‐existing species (including each other) and so these responses to rooting volume may have very different consequences in the field (Raynal & Bazzaz 1975; Wieland & Bazzaz 1975; Richards & Rowe 1977a,b; Carmi & Heuer 1981; Hameed et al . 1987; Facelli & Pickett 1991; Thomas & Strain 1991; Carmi 1993; Liu & Latimer 1995; Kharkina et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1999; Matthes‐Sears & Larson 1999; Friedman & Waller 1983; LaBarge & Kremer 1989). A large number of studies involving crop plants generally show a correlated reduction in growth with reduced soil volume but they focus on just shoot biomass production, the production of starch, hormones, N‐amino compounds or stress responses and not the ultimate effect on seedset (Richards & Rowe 1977a,b; Carmi & Heuer 1981; Hameed et al . 1987; Thomas & Strain 1991; Carmi 1993; Liu & Latimer 1995; Kharkina et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Games roots play: effects of soil volume and nutrients

O’Brien

Brown

2008

Journal of Ecology

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Summary 1.A growing body of literature suggests that some plants may engage in a game of Tragedy of the Commons when competing for soil resources. Two annual plants sharing a whole space will produce more roots per individual and less reproductive yield per individual than one plant with half the space to itself. 2. Several papers have recently suggested that the increase in soil volume in going from a single plant to two competitor plants (as has been the case in empirical tests of the above prediction) may produce the increased root proliferation independent of the competitor. 3. We extend the Tragedy of the Commons model of Gersani et al . (2001) to explicitly consider the separate effects of volume per plant ( V ) and nutrient concentration per unit volume ( N ) on root proliferation and yield of plants that 'own' their space relative to plants that share their space with a competitor. We then use simulations resulting from the model to evaluate existing data and the new perspectives provided by recent challenges to the conceptual basis for the Tragedy of the Commons. 4. When N is held constant, increasing V should produce an almost linear increase in root proliferation and net nutrient profit for reproduction. The increase in roots should be more pronounced for two plants sharing their space, and the increase in yield should be more pronounced for plants with exclusive access to half the space. When V × N is held constant, roots per plant should at first increase and then decline with increased volume. The difference between a plant that 'owns' its space vs. one that shares its space with a competitor should be less pronounced as V increases. 5. Synthesis . We use this model to help clarify some confusion surrounding the Tragedy of the Commons theory of below-ground competition by showing how issues raised by others are not incompatible with the approach used to generate the Tragedy of the Commons theory and highlight future opportunities for research on root growth strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Games roots play: effects of soil volume and nutrients

O’Brien

Brown

2008

Journal of Ecology

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“…Close-proximity planting therefore suppressed the rooting system to a greater extent than the topgrowth. In view of the fact that restricting the rooting system reduces cytokinin and gibberellin production (Richards, 1986), and limits water and mineral uptake (Richards & Rowe, 1977), the observed planting density-induced differences in DM partitioning between topgrowth and rooting system were surprisingly large.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of planting density on dry matter partitioning in young ‘Laetitia’ / ‘Marianna’ plum trees grown in lysimeter tanks

Wooldridge

Schütte

2003

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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The effects of increasing planting density on young Iysimeter tank-grown plum trees were investigated. Seasonal increases in stem circumference, and average shoot lengths, decreased significantly (P = 0.05) as the number of trees per 1.4 x 3.0 m tank increased from one to three. Total single-tree dry masses after three seasons were smaller, by 17.8% in the 2-treetank· 1 and 53.2% in the 3-tree tank-I, than in the 1-tree tank-I treatment. Corresponding decreases in fruiting spur dry mass (OM) tree-\ were 46.3% and 64.8%. Ratios of topgrowth (above graft union) OM tree-I to rooting system (below graft union) OM tree-I increased from 1.98 to 2.62 to 3.04 in the 1-, 2-and 3-tree tank-\ treatments, respectively. Branch OM made up 26.5%, and stem OM 68.9%, of the single-tree topgrowth OM in the 1-tree tank-\ treatment but, in the 2-and 3-tree tank-i treatments, branch OM increased to approximately 60.3%, and stem OM decreased to approximately 35.9% of the topgrowth OM. Leaf, fruit, shoot and < 3 mm diameter root nitrogen contents increased with planting density. By extrapolation, total tree OM ha-\, and fruiting spur OM ha-I , are greater at 4762 than at 2381 or 7143 trees ha-I .

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“…Tworkoski et al (2001) showed that with increasing N the number of stolons and ramets increased. Plant roots can proliferate when they encounter soil enriched in nitrogen (Atkinson, 1974;Daw et al, 1999;Zhang and Forde, 1998) and cytokinin produced from growing root tips exerts control over shoot growth (Richards and Rowe, 1977). It is possible that higher cytokinin resulting from root growth in areas of greater fertility could stimulate growth of new runners (Tworkoski et al, 2001).…”

Section: Vegetative Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetative Growth, Yield and Leaf Mineral Composition in Strawberry (Fragaria × AnanassaDUCH. CV. Pajaro) as Influenced using Nickel Sulfate and Urea Sprays

Eshghi

Ranjbar

2014

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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2 In this study, interactions of nickel sulfate and urea sprays on vegetative growth, yield and leaf mineral contents in strawberry were investigated. Rooted Pajaro strawberry plants were potted in 3 liter pots filled with soil, leaf mold and sand (1:1:1, v/v/v). Established plants were foliar sprayed with nickel sulfate at 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg L −1 and urea 0 and 2 g L −1 concentrations. Results indicated that nickel (Ni; 300 mg L −1 ) plus urea (2 g L −1 ) significantly increased the yield and runner numbers. Nickel sulfate at the rate of 300 and 150 mg L −1 and urea (2 g L −1 ) significantly increased the crown numbers. The greatest root fresh and dry weights were obtained from untreated plants. Urea at 2 g L −1 without nickel significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights. Nickel at 450 mg L −1 without urea significantly increased Ni concentration in leaves. Overall, nickel sulfate at 150 and 300 mg L −1 along with urea at 2 g L −1 were the best treatments.

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Root-Shoot Interactions in Peach: The Function of the Root

Cited by 69 publications

References 6 publications

Games roots play: effects of soil volume and nutrients

Games roots play: effects of soil volume and nutrients

Effect of planting density on dry matter partitioning in young ‘Laetitia’ / ‘Marianna’ plum trees grown in lysimeter tanks

Vegetative Growth, Yield and Leaf Mineral Composition in Strawberry (Fragaria × AnanassaDUCH. CV. Pajaro) as Influenced using Nickel Sulfate and Urea Sprays

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