Root Surface Caries: Review of the Literature and Significance of the Problem

Jordan, H.V.; Sumney, David L.

doi:10.1902/jop.1973.44.3.158

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Much of the belief in S. mutans ' specificity arose from experimental animal studies which suggested that classic infection was the start of the process. For more than a decade before this, studies had been carried out in an attempt to model caries in laboratory animals, mainly rats and hamsters (Fitzgerald and Keyes, 1960;Keyes, 1960;Keyes and Jordan, 1963;Jordan et al ., 1972;Jordan and Sumey, 1973;Tanzer, 1981). At the time, a major frustration for researchers in this area of investigation was that these animals could be cariesprone in one laboratory but not when transferred to another.…”

Section: (Xi) Specificity Of Streptococcus Mutans In Dental Caries Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixed-bacteria Ecological Approach to Understanding the Role of the Oral Bacteria in Dental Caries Causation: an Alternative to Streptococcus mutans and the Specific-plaque Hypothesis

Kleinberg

2002

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

282

131

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T oward the end of the 19th century, the new science of bacteriology arose as a result of major advances in the formulation of growth media and the development of techniques for isolating and studying bacteria. Micro-organisms proved to be major causes of several diseases that were fatal to humans.Disease occurred when a specific micro-organism reached a target site where the tissues and conditions enabled the organism to flourish and reach the elevated numbers needed to cause significant damage to the host and even death. W.D. Miller (1890) learned these isolation techniques and applied them to the examination of the many micro-organisms resident within the oral cavity. At the same time, he found that, collec - C ONTROVERSYResearch on dental caries has a long history, and the biology of its development has proved to be far more complex than anyone might have thought. Specificity and non-specificity of the causative bacteria have been at the center of the controversy of how this disease occurs and how it should be treated. From this article, it appears that the composition, metabolism, and caries-causing capability of applicable bacterial mixtures are integrated, and that they are affected collectively by oral ecological conditions and changes. This is an area of Oral Biology that needs further exploration and could provide significant dividends in the development of our understanding of human ecological infections in general.- ABSTRACT: For more than 100 years, investigators have tried to identify the bacteria responsible for dental caries formation and to determine whether their role is one of specificity. Frequent association of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus mutans with caries activity gave credence to their being specific cariogens. However, dental caries occurrence in their absence, and the presence of other bacteria able to produce substantial amounts of acid from fermentable carbohydrate, provided arguments for non-specificity. In the 1940s, Stephan found that the mixed bacteria in dental plaque produced a rapid drop in pH following a sugar rinse and a slow pH return toward baseline. This response became a cornerstone of plaque and mixed-bacterial involvement in dental caries causation when Stephan showed that the pH decrease was inversely and clearly related to caries activity. Detailed examination of the pH (acidbase) metabolisms of oral pure cultures, dental plaque, and salivary sediment identified the main bacteria and metabolic processes responsible for the pH metabolism of dental plaque. It was discovered that this metabolism in different individuals, in plaque in different dentition locations within individuals, and in individuals of different levels of caries activity could be described in terms of a relatively small number of acid-base metabolic processes. This led to an overall bacterial metabolic vector concept for dental plaque, and helped unravel the bacterial involvement in the degradation of the carbohydrate and nitrogenous substrates that produce the acids and alkali that aff...

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Section: (Xi) Specificity Of Streptococcus Mutans In Dental Caries Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixed-bacteria Ecological Approach to Understanding the Role of the Oral Bacteria in Dental Caries Causation: an Alternative to Streptococcus mutans and the Specific-plaque Hypothesis

Kleinberg

2002

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

282

131

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“…Miller describió clínicamente la caries de superficie radicular como caries del cemento y estableció que la condición ocurre únicamente cuando el cemento se expone a causa de recesión gingival o zonas cubiertas por placa bacteriana y cálculo, que suavizan el cemento gradualmente formando excavaciones poco profundas, extendidas sin márgenes definidos, poco similares a las cavidades coronales [29,30]. La detección de caries y su extensión radicular a través de cirugía exploratoria se dificultan en áreas interproximales; sin embargo, la presencia de grandes restauraciones, fracturas, caries coronales (figura 10) y preparaciones cavitarias profundas pueden dar indicios del tipo de lesión probable y su origen [31].…”

Section: Caries Radicularunclassified

Cirugía periodontal exploratoria

2014

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Resumen. En la práctica clínica, existen numerosos casos en los que se dificulta establecer un diagnóstico certero y determinar la conducta terapéutica correcta a seguir, a pesar de las ayudas diagnósticas, las imágenes radiográficas y el examen clínico. El principal propósito de la cirugía exploratoria es llegar a un diagnóstico definitivo en vivo y en directo, con la posibilidad de detectar alteraciones en los tejidos y determinar el grado de compromiso no detectable; con el valor agregado de aportar inmediatamente las vías terapéuticas disponibles para solucionar el problema, lo cual la convierte en el único "método" con potencial de transformarse en un procedimiento eficaz.Palabras clave: cirugía exploratoria, perforación, fractura, fisura, núcleo, lesión, periimplantar, patología. Exploratory Periodontal SurgeryAbstract. In clinical practice, there are numerous cases in which it is difficult to establish an accurate diagnosis and determine the correct therapeutic conduct to be followed, despite diagnostic aids, radiographic images and clinical examinations. The main purpose of exploratory surgery is to arrive at a live definitive diagnosis, with the possibility of detecting changes in the tissues and determining the degree of undetectable involvement; it has the added value of immediately providing available therapeutic options for resolving the problem, which makes it the only "method" with the potential to become an effective procedure.Keywords: exploratory surgery, perforation, fracture, fissure, nucleus, lesion, peri-implant, pathology. Cirurgia periodontal exploratóriaResumo. Na prática clínica, existem numerosos casos nos que se dificulta estabelecer um diagnóstico preciso e determinar a conduta terapêutica correta a seguir, apesar das ajudas diagnósticas, as imagens radiográficas e o exame clínico. O principal propósito da cirurgia exploratória é chegar a um diagnóstico definitivo ao vivo e a cores, com a possibilidade de detectar alterações nos tecidos e de determinar o grau de compromisso não detectável; com o valor agregado de contribuir imediatamente para as vias terapêuticas disponíveis para solucionar o problema, o que a converte no único "método" com potencial de transformar-se em um procedimento eficaz.

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“…Even though she showed no signs of focal cerebral ischemia and ECD was normal, we carried out a MRI because her symptoms and the severe trauma [2] clinically suggested the diagnosis of dissection. Schievink [1] has stated that the classic triad of localized pain, Horner's syndrome and ischemia is found in less than one third of patients with carotid dissection, but the presence of any 2 elements of this triad strongly implies the diagnosis of dissection. The clinical presentation of the second patient (sudden unilateral neck pain, symptoms of vertebrobasilar ischemia) has led to the diagnosis of vertebral dissection.…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sharp rise in the diagnosis of dissection of extracranial brain supplying arteries as a cause of cerebral ischemia in young adults has been noted in the recent past due to increased and intensified clinical awareness as well as advanced technical options [1] . On the basis of 2 cases, we report on the diagnostic challenge to the clinician and the difficulties involved when using noninvasive imaging technologies such as extracranial duplexsonography (ECD) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%