Root-to-Shoot Long-Distance Mobile miRNAs Identified from Nicotiana Rootstocks

Deng, Zhuying; Wu, Huiyan; Li, Dongyi; Li, Luping; Wang, Zhipeng; Yuan, Wenya; Xing, Yongzhong; Li, Chengdao; Liang, Dacheng

doi:10.3390/ijms222312821

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Since microRNA444c is present in shoots, we can not exclude the possibility that it is transported from shoots to roots. The transport of 82 microRNAs from the shoot to the root and 6 microRNAs from the root to the shoot was previously demonstrated (Deng et al, 2021). Only pri-miRNA444b was slightly responsive to excess nitrogen stress, with its level being upregulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

PEP444c encoded within theMIR444cgene regulates microRNA444c accumulation in barley

Chojnacka

Smoczynska

Bielewicz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate expression of their target genes. The MIR444 gene family is present exclusively in monocotyledons, and microRNAs444 from this family have been shown to target certain MADS-box transcription factors in rice and barley. We identified three barley MIR444 (MIR444a/b/c) genes and comprehensively characterized their structure and the processing pattern of the primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs444). Pri-microRNAs444 undergo extensive alternative splicing, by which functional and non-functional pri-miRNA444 isoforms are generated. We show that barley pri-miRNAs444 contain numerous open reading frames (ORFs) whose transcripts associate with ribosomes. Using specific antibodies, we provide evidence that selected ORFs encoding PEP444a within MIR444a and PEP444c within MIR444c are expressed in barley plants. Moreover, we demonstrate that CRISPR-associated endonuclease 9 (Cas9)-mediated mutagenesis of the PEP444c encoding sequence results in a decreased level of PEP444 transcript in barley shoots and roots, and a 5-fold reduced level of mature microRNA444c in roots. Taken together, our observations suggest that PEP444c encoded by the MIR444c gene is involved in microRNA444c biogenesis in barley.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

PEP444c encoded within theMIR444cgene regulates microRNA444c accumulation in barley

Chojnacka

Smoczynska

Bielewicz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Since microRNA444c is present in shoots, we cannot exclude the possibility that it is transported from shoots to roots. The transport of 82 microRNAs from the shoot to the root and 6 microRNAs from the root to the shoot was previously demonstrated (Deng et al, 2021). According to the literature, long-distance transport of microRNA may reflect a response to nutrient starvation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

PEP444c encoded within the MIR444c gene regulates microRNA444c accumulation in barley

Chojnacka,

Smoczynska,

Bielewicz

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of their target genes. The MIR444 gene family is present exclusively in monocotyledons, and microRNAs444 from this family have been shown to target certain MADS‐box transcription factors in rice and barley. We identified three barley MIR444 (MIR444a/b/c) genes and comprehensively characterised their structure and the processing pattern of the primary transcripts (pri‐miRNAs444). Pri‐microRNAs444 undergo extensive alternative splicing, generating functional and nonfunctional pri‐miRNA444 isoforms. We show that barley pri‐miRNAs444 contain numerous open reading frames (ORFs) whose transcripts associate with ribosomes. Using specific antibodies, we provide evidence that selected ORFs encoding PEP444a within MIR444a and PEP444c within MIR444c are expressed in barley plants. Moreover, we demonstrate that CRISPR‐associated endonuclease 9 (Cas9)‐mediated mutagenesis of the PEP444c‐encoding sequence results in a decreased level of PEP444 transcript in barley shoots and roots and a 5‐fold reduced level of mature microRNA444c in roots. Our observations suggest that PEP444c encoded by the MIR444c gene is involved in microRNA444c biogenesis in barley.

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“…Moderate levels of ROS are required for plant growth and immunity, while high levels of ROS can severely inhibit growth and even cause cell death in plants [ 35 ]. Besides, the movement of RNA molecules from rootstock to scion has been identified as a crucial factor in reshaping scion phenotypes [ 36 , 37 ]. Notably, this study found that some transcripts, including serine/threonine kinases, were expressed in the scions from the rootstock in the TP grafting (Table 1 ), suggesting these mobile RNA transcripts traverse the rootstock-scion interface and exert ongoing influences on the scion's phenotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated transcriptome and DNA methylome analysis reveal the biological base of increased resistance to gray leaf spot and growth inhibition in interspecific grafted tomato scions

Liu,

Jia,

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Grafting is widely used as an important agronomic approach to deal with environmental stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of grafted tomato scions in response to biotic stress and growth regulation has yet to be fully understood. Results This study investigated the resistance and growth performance of tomato scions grafted onto various rootstocks. A scion from a gray leaf spot-susceptible tomato cultivar was grafted onto tomato, eggplant, and pepper rootstocks, creating three grafting combinations: one self-grafting of tomato/tomato (TT), and two interspecific graftings, namely tomato/eggplant (TE) and tomato/pepper (TP). The study utilized transcriptome and DNA methylome analyses to explore the regulatory mechanisms behind the resistance and growth traits in the interspecific graftings. Results indicated that interspecific grafting significantly enhanced resistance to gray leaf spot and improved fruit quality, though fruit yield was decreased compared to self-grafting. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that, compared to self-grafting, interspecific graftings triggered stronger wounding response and endogenous immune pathways, while restricting genes related to cell cycle pathways, especially in the TP grafting. Methylome data revealed that the TP grafting had more hypermethylated regions at CHG (H = A, C, or T) and CHH sites than the TT grafting. Furthermore, the TP grafting exhibited increased methylation levels in cell cycle related genes, such as DNA primase and ligase, while several genes related to defense kinases showed decreased methylation levels. Notably, several kinase transcripts were also confirmed among the rootstock-specific mobile transcripts. Conclusions The study concludes that interspecific grafting alters gene methylation patterns, thereby activating defense responses and inhibiting the cell cycle in tomato scions. This mechanism is crucial in enhancing resistance to gray leaf spot and reducing growth in grafted tomato scions. These findings offer new insights into the genetic and epigenetic contributions to agronomic trait improvements through interspecific grafting.

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Root-to-Shoot Long-Distance Mobile miRNAs Identified from Nicotiana Rootstocks

Cited by 15 publications

References 78 publications

PEP444c encoded within theMIR444cgene regulates microRNA444c accumulation in barley

PEP444c encoded within theMIR444cgene regulates microRNA444c accumulation in barley

PEP444c encoded within the MIR444c gene regulates microRNA444c accumulation in barley

Integrated transcriptome and DNA methylome analysis reveal the biological base of increased resistance to gray leaf spot and growth inhibition in interspecific grafted tomato scions

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