Rootstocks Genotype Affects Flower Distribution and Density of 'Hedelfinger' Sweet Cherry and 'Montmorency' Sour Cherry

Maguylo, Karen; Lang, Gregory A.; Perry, R. L.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2004.636.31

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This response supports earlier work that documented a close negative relation between fruit quality and fruit-to-leaf area ratio (Roper and Loescher, 1987;Whiting and Lang, 2004). This also underscores the importance of balancing crop load with canopy area to achieve good fruit quality, especially on new rootstocks that not only limit vigor, but also promote earlier and more extensive flower bud formation (Maguylo et al, 2004). A threshold exists around 0.1 kg·cm -2 TCSA, above which fruit size declines more rapidly with increasing yield efficiency.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Rootstock and Training System Affect Sweet Cherry Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality

Whiting¹,

Lang²,

Ophardt³

2005

HortSci

121

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Traditional sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) training systems in the United States are based upon vigorous rootstocks and multiple leader vase canopy architectures. The sweet cherry research lab at Washington State University has been investigating the potential of new rootstocks and training systems to improve production efficiency and produce high quality fruit. This paper describes the effects of three rootstocks—Mazzard (P. avium), `Gisela 6', and `Gisela 5' (P. cerasus × P. canescens)—and four training systems—central leader, multiple-leader bush, palmette, and y-trellis—on `Bing' sweet cherry tree vigor, fruit yield and quality over a seven year period. Compared to trees on Mazzard, trees on `Gisela 5' and `Gisela 6' had 45% and 20% lower trunk cross-sectional areas after 7 seasons, respectively. Trees on `Gisela 6' were the most productive, yielding between 13% and 31% more than those on `Gisela 5' and 657% to 212% more than trees on Mazzard, depending on year. Both Gisela rootstocks significantly improved precocity compared to Mazzard, bearing fruit in year 3 in the orchard. Canopy architecture had only moderate effects on tree vigor and fruit yield. Across rootstocks, bush-trained trees were about 25% less productive compared to the other systems, which exhibited similar cumulative yields (102 kg/tree). Fruit weight was negatively and closely (r2 = 0.84) related to tree yield efficiency (kg·cm–2). Crop value was related positively to fruit yield.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Rootstock and Training System Affect Sweet Cherry Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality

Whiting¹,

Lang²,

Ophardt³

2005

HortSci

121

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“…In the U.S. Pacifi c Northwest (PNW), sweet cherry cultivars have been grafted predominantly on seedling or vegetatively propagated Mazzard (P. avium), a vigorous, nonprecocious rootstock characterized by low spur/canopy fruit-to-leaf area ratio (F:LA) (Maguylo et al, 2004;Webster and Schmidt, 1996;. A close negative relationship exists between canopy F:LA and fruit quality (Whiting and Lang, 2004), but spur F:LA appears to be the most important intra-canopy factor affecting fruit quality .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Blossom Thinners Vary in Their Effect on Sweet Cherry Fruit Set, Yield, Fruit Quality, and Crop Value

Whiting¹,

Ophardt²,

McFerson³

2006

horttech

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The commercial adoption of the relatively new rootstock `Gisela 5' (Prunus cerasus L. × P. canescens L.) has been limited in the United States sweet cherry (P. avium L.) industry despite its ability to induce precocity and productivity and reduce scion vigor compared to the standard Mazzard (P. avium). This is due in large part to inadequate crop load management that has led to high yields of small fruit. This paper reports on sweet cherry chemical blossom thinning trials conducted in 2002 and 2003. Two percent ammonium thiosulphate (ATS), 3% to 4% vegetable oil emulsion (VOE), and tank mixes of 2% fish oil + 2.5% lime sulphur (FOLS) were applied to entire 8- and 9-year-old `Bing'/`Gisela 5' sweet cherry canopies at about 10% full bloom (FB) and again at about 90% FB. In both years, ATS and FOLS reduced fruit set by 66% to 33% compared to the control (C). VOE reduced fruit set by 50% compared to C in 2002 but had no effect in 2003. In 2002, fruit yield was 30% to 60% lower from thinned trees. In 2003, fruit yield was unaffected by thinning treatment. In 2002, ATS and FOLS improved fruit soluble solids but had no effect in 2003. VOE did not affect fruit soluble solids in 2002 and reduced fruit soluble solids by 12%, compared to C, in 2003. In 2002, each thinning treatment nearly eliminated the yield of the small fruit (≤21.5-mm diameter) and increased yield of large fruit (≥26.5 mm) by more than 400%, compared to C. In 2003, ATS and FOLS did not affect yield of small fruit but increased the yield of large fruit by 60%. In 2003, VOE-treated trees yielded 4.3 kg of small fruit per tree compared to about 0.15 kg from C, suggesting a phytotoxic response to VOE beyond that which may effect thinning. Compared to C, ATS and FOLS consistently reduced fruit set and improved fruit quality. We conclude that commercially acceptable yields of excellent quality `Bing' sweet cherries can be grown on size-controlling and precocious rootstocks.

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“…The correlation matrix showed that the percentage of both spurs and shoots had no influence on flower production, fruit production, fruit set, and limb yield efficiency (Table 3), independently of the number of floral buds per spur, which depends on it position along the shoot, increasing distally along two-, three-, and four-year-old shoots (Maguylo et al, 2004). A significant correlation between flower and fruit production was observed, as well as a negative but non-significant correlation between flower production and fruit set, which is in agreement with Ruiz & Egea (2008) who reported the same results in apricot.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology traits affecting productivity of sour cherry

Fotirić-Akšić

Rakonjac

Nikolić

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate variability in reproductive biology traits and the correlation between them in genotypes of 'Oblačinska' sour cherry (Prunus cerasus). High genetic diversity was found in the 41 evaluated genotypes, and significant differences were observed among them for all studied traits: flowering time, pollen germination, number of fruiting branches, production of flower and fruit, number of flowers per bud, fruit set, and limb yield efficiency. The number of fruiting branches significantly influenced the number of flower and fruit, fruit set, and yield efficiency. In addition to number of fruiting branches, yield efficiency was positively correlated with fruit set and production of flower and fruit. Results from principal component analysis suggested a reduction of the reproductive biology factors affecting yield to four main characters: number and structure of fruiting branches, flowering time, and pollen germination. Knowledge of the reproductive biology of the 'Oblačinska' genotypes can be used to select the appropriate ones to be grown or used as parents in breeding programs. In this sense, genotypes II/2, III/9, III/13, and III/14 have very good flower production and satisfactory pollen germination.Index terms: Prunus cerasus, breeding, genetic divergence, pollen germination, principal component analysis, yield efficiency. Características da biologia reprodutiva que afetam a produtividade de cereja ácidaResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade de características da biologia reprodutiva e a correlação entre elas, em genótipos da cereja ácida (Prunus cerasus) 'Oblačinska'. Verificou-se alta diversidade genética nos 41 genótipos avaliados, e foram observadas diferenças significativas entre eles, para todas as características estudadas: época de florescimento, germinação de pólen, número de ramos frutíferos, produção de flores e frutos, número de flores por botão, formação de frutos e eficiência de produção dos ramos. O número de ramos frutíferos influenciou significativamente o número de flores e frutos, a formação de frutos e a eficiência produtiva. Além do número de ramos frutíferos, a eficiência produtiva correlacionou-se positivamente com o pegamento de frutos e a produção de flores e frutos. Os resultados da análise de componentes principais sugerem a redução dos fatores de biologia reprodutiva que afetam a produtividade a quatro características principais: número e estrutura dos ramos frutíferos, tempo de florescimento e germinação de pólen. O conhecimento da biologia floral dos genótipos 'Oblačinska' pode ser útil para a escolha dos mais apropriados para plantio ou uso como parentais em programas de melhoramento. Neste sentido, os genótipos II/2, III/9, III/13 e III/14 apresentam produção de flores muito boa e germinação de pólen satisfatória.Termos para indexação: Prunus cerasus, melhoramento, divergência genética, germinação de pólen, análise de componentes principais, eficiência produtiva.

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Rootstocks Genotype Affects Flower Distribution and Density of 'Hedelfinger' Sweet Cherry and 'Montmorency' Sour Cherry

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Rootstock and Training System Affect Sweet Cherry Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality

Rootstock and Training System Affect Sweet Cherry Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality

Chemical Blossom Thinners Vary in Their Effect on Sweet Cherry Fruit Set, Yield, Fruit Quality, and Crop Value

Reproductive biology traits affecting productivity of sour cherry

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