Rootworm Feeding Tolerance in Single‐Cross Maize Hybrids from Different Eras

Riedell, Walter E.; Evenson, P. D.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183x003300050015x

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…We found, as have several other researchers (Chiang and French 1980, Kahler et al 1985, Riedell and Evenson 1993, Allee and Davis 1996, that choice of cultivar affected the amount of lodging. For More, which showed the least lodging in 1994, cultivar selection proved to be more important than time of planting in reducing the proportion of lodged plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Hoffmann

Kirkwyland

Gardner

2000

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The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an important pest of corn, Zea mays L., causing yield losses from root damage, plant lodging, and silk feeding. Because little is known about its impact on sweet corn, we conducted research to evaluate the combined effects of insecticide, planting date, and cultivar on root damage, plant lodging, and yield in central New York sweet corn. We also examined the influence of planting date and cultivar on the emergence of adult western corn rootworms. The research was conducted in 1994 and again in 1995 by using a split-split plot experimental design with insecticide as main plot, planting date as subplot, and cultivar as sub-subplot. The effect of cultivar on beetle emergence was not significant. Root damage was not correlated with adult emergence in 1994 but was positively correlated in 1995. In 1994, there was no interaction of the main factors, and all factors had a significant impact on root damage. In 1995 there was an interaction of insecticide and planting date, and of cultivar and planting date. Generally, root damage was reduced by insecticide and later planting. Plant lodging was affected by the interaction of insecticide and planting date, and the interaction of cultivar and planting date, for both years of the study. As with root damage, lodging was reduced with insecticide treatment and later planting but also was dependent on cultivar. In 1994 and especially in 1995, silk clipping by adult western corn rootworms precluded much inference about how yield was influenced by larval feeding damage on roots. The number of emerging western corn rootworm adults was lower and later in later plantings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Hoffmann

Kirkwyland

Gardner

2000

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“…Among these causes, probably the more important ones are herbivory and diseases (Eissenstat and Yanai 2002;Fisher et al 2002;Gray and Steffey 1998). Resistance to soil insects has been associated with larger root systems and to compensatory abilities of the plant to grow new roots after injury has occurred (Rogers et al 1975;Riedell and Evenson 1993;Gray and Steffey 1998).…”

Section: Hypocotyl Borne Rootingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensation among root classes in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Rubio

Lynch

2006

Plant Soil

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The activity of soil pathogens, competition for assimilates, and the changing availability of below-ground resources make root systems subject to a continuous and dynamic process of formation and loss of both fine and coarse roots. As hypocotyl borne roots appear later than other root classes, they may serve to functionally replace basal and primary roots lost to biotic and abiotic stress. Using common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), we conducted experiments in solution and solid media culture with treatments involving the removal of part of the root system (basal, hypocotyl borne or primary roots), phosphorus availability, and depth of seeding to test the hypothesis that there are compensation mechanisms among basal, hypocotyl borne and primary roots to cope with the loss of part of the root system. The root system was highly plastic in response to root excision, which resulted in the maintenance of below-ground biomass accumulation. In most cases, this compensation among root classes was enough to maintain plant performance in both phosphorus sufficient and phosphorus stressed plants. Removal of a specific root class induced an increase in the growth of the remaining root classes. All root classes, but especially the primary root, contributed to the compensation mechanism in some way. Primary roots represented around 10% of the root system in control plants and this proportion increased dramatically (up to 50%) when other root classes were removed. In contrast, negligible compensatory re-growth was observed following removal of the primary root. Greater planting depth increased the production of hypocotyl borne roots at the expense of basal roots. The proportion of hypocotyl borne roots increased from 25% of the whole root system when seeds were placed at a depth of 2 cm to 30% when they were placed at 5 cm and to 38% when placed at 8 cm, with corresponding decreases in the proportion represented by basal roots. The common feature of our observations is the innate ability of the root system for its own regeneration. Total root biomass maintained strict allometric relationships with total shoot biomass in all treatments. Restabilization of root to shoot balance after partial root loss is governed by overall plant size following allometric relationships similar to undisturbed plants. However, the pattern of this root regeneration was not uniform since the way the three root classes compensated each other after the removal of any one of them varied among the

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“…Several public and commercial programs have screened germplasm to identify and develop germplasm with resistance Hibbard 2005, Tollefson 2007), and promising sources of resistance have been identiÞed (Branson et al 1983;Kahler et al 1985b;Assabgui et al 1995;Hibbard et al 1999Hibbard et al , 2007. Although some overall progress has been made in terms of tolerance to western corn rootworm larval feeding from the 1960s to the 1980s (Riedell and Evenson 1993), no hybrids claiming native resistance to western corn rootworm larval feeding are currently commercially available. Why?…”

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confidence: 99%

Conventional Screening Overlooks Resistance Sources: Rootworm Damage of Diverse Inbred Lines and Their B73 Hybrids Is Unrelated

Flint-García

Dashiell

Prischmann

et al. 2009

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The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte), is a major pest of maize, Zea mays L., in the United States and Europe, and it is likely to increase in importance as a trend toward increased nonrotated maize favors larger rootworm populations. Options for rootworm management in nonrotated maize in Europe and in nontransgenic "refuge" areas in countries that permit transgenic maize are limited to insecticides. Development of additional options for growers would be helpful. Screening maize germplasm (e.g., landraces, populations, inbreds) for native resistance to western corn rootworm is labor-intensive and is usually conducted on unfinished germplasm and not on hybrid materials. However, we have recently observed that topcrossed (hybrid) materials tend to have reduced western corn rootworm damage. To formally test whether rootworm damage to inbreds and associated hybrids were correlated, we evaluated 25 diverse inbred lines and their B73 hybrids for western corn rootworm damage in seven environments. Overall, hybrids had significantly less damage than inbreds, but unfortunately, the correlation between inbreds and hybrids was not significant. These findings have important implications regarding screening germplasm for western corn rootworm resistance, namely, that inbred materials and perhaps populations should be topcrossed to form hybrid materials before screening for western corn rootworm damage to ensure that valuable sources of resistance to western corn rootworm are not missed during the screening process.

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Rootworm Feeding Tolerance in Single‐Cross Maize Hybrids from Different Eras

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Compensation among root classes in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Conventional Screening Overlooks Resistance Sources: Rootworm Damage of Diverse Inbred Lines and Their B73 Hybrids Is Unrelated

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