ROS-Scavenging Lignin-Based Tolerogenic Nanoparticle Vaccine for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Phan, Ngoc Man; Nguyen, Thanh Loc; Shin, Hyunsu; Trinh, Thuy An; Kim, Jaeyun

doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c04497

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…However, despite of the growing research on biomedical applications of lignin-based materials, and in particular LigNPs, such materials still lack regulatory approval and standardization partially due to intrinsic heterogeneity and additional structural changes during their extraction. 14–19 There are research works on the use of lignin nanoparticles as drug delivery in cancer, 20 or as treatment for different pathologies, 21 but most of the data are obtained in in vitro models. Despite the uncontested utility of the in vitro systems, there is a lack of in vivo evaluations in reliable and accessible animal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Effects of Lignin Nanoparticles in Different Zebrafish Inflammatory Models

Bragato,

Persico,

Ferreres

et al. 2024

IJN

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Purpose Lignin is the most abundant source of aromatic biopolymers and has gained interest in industrial and biomedical applications due to the reported biocompatibility and defense provided against bacterial and fungal pathogens, besides antioxidant and UV-blocking properties. Especially in the form of nanoparticles (NPs), lignin may display also antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Methods To evaluate these characteristics, sonochemically nano-formulated pristine lignin (LigNPs) and enzymatically-phenolated one (PheLigNPs) were used to expose zebrafish embryos, without chorion, at different concentrations. Furthermore, two different zebrafish inflammation models were generated, by injecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and by provoking a wound injury in the embryo caudal fin. The inflammatory process was investigated in both models by qPCR, analyzing the level of genes as il8, il6, il1β, tnfα, nfkbiaa, nfk2 , and ccl34a.4 , and by the evaluation of neutrophils recruitment, taking advantage of the Sudan Black staining, in the presence or not of LigNPs and PheLigNPs. Finally, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, related to tissue regeneration, was investigated at the molecular level in embryos wounded and exposed to NPs. Results The data obtained demonstrated that the lignin-based NPs showed the capacity to induce a positive response during an inflammatory event, increasing the recruitment of cytokines to accelerate their chemotactic function. Moreover, the LigNPs and PheLigNPs have a role in the resolution of wounds, favoring the regeneration process. Conclusion In this paper, we used zebrafish embryos within 5 days post fertilization (hpf). Despite being an early-stage exemplary, the zebrafish embryos have proven their potential as predicting models. Further long-term experiments in adults will be needed to explore completely the biomedical capabilities of lignin NPs. The results underlined the safety of both NPs tested paved the way for further evaluations to exploit the anti-inflammatory and pro-healing properties of the lignin nanoparticles examined.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%