Rose Bengal and Riboflavin Mediated Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy Against Selected South Florida <i>Nocardia</i> Keratitis Isolates

Adre, Ethan; Durkee, Heather; Arboleda, Alejandro; Alawa, Karam A.; Maestre, Jorge; Mintz, Keenan J.; Leblanc, Roger M.; Amescua, Guillermo; Parel, Jean-Marie A.; Miller, Darlene

doi:10.1167/tvst.11.1.29

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΔΦ), or the amount of singlet oxygen produced, characterizes the abilities of molecules to be PSs in PDT applications [ 18 ]. It is known that RB generates free oxygen radicals when exposed to light [ 22 , 43 ]. However, it was necessary to test whether the RB-HA conjugate was capable of producing ROS as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Properties of Rose Bengal Conjugated to Hyaluronic Acid

Atrash,

Hovor,

Gurianov

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Dental diseases, including conditions affecting oral structures, have become more common due to unhealthy lifestyle choices. Traditional antibiotic treatments face challenges related to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Photodynamic antibacterial chemotherapy is emerging as a promising alternative using photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species upon exposure to light. This article examines the photosensitizer Rose Bengal (RB) immobilized in hyaluronic acid (HA) for prolonged antibacterial action. The RB-HA conjugate demonstrated a molar ratio of approximately three RB residues to each of the ten units of HA. RB-HA exhibited a high singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΔΦ = 0.90), suggesting its efficacy in photodynamic treatment. A photostability analysis revealed slower photobleaching of RB-HA, which is essential for prolonged application. Under visible light and ultrasonic treatment, RB-HA exhibited effective antibacterial activity against Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli bacteria for at least 80 days. The gradual release of RB ensured sustained bactericidal concentration. The study establishes RB-HA as a promising candidate for antimicrobial photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy in dental and other medical fields, providing enhanced stability and prolonged antibacterial efficacy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Properties of Rose Bengal Conjugated to Hyaluronic Acid

Atrash,

Hovor,

Gurianov

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…Green light with a peak absorption of 500–551 nm has been studied for its efficacy in aPDT along with the chemical substrate rose bengal (4,5,6,7-tetrachloro 2′,4′,5′,7′-tetraiodo). Rose bengal is a fluorescein derivative that absorbs light within the green spectral region (550 nm peak absorption) [ 92 ] and has been tested as a photosensitizer to eliminate cancer cells and for its anti-infective properties against numerous infectious agents [ 93 , 94 , 95 ], including those responsible for ocular infections [ 96 , 97 , 98 ]. Like many photosensitizers, it shows an affinity to Gram-positive bacteria, likely due to the lack of outer membrane that is characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria.…”

Section: Ocular Infections: Overcoming Therapeutic Challenges With No...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Corneal Infections: Out with the old, in with the new?

Marasini,

Craig,

Dean

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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There have been multiple reports of eye infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with increasing evidence of ineffective treatment outcomes from existing therapies. With respect to corneal infections, the most commonly used antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporines) are demonstrating reduced efficacy against bacterial keratitis isolates. While traditional methods are losing efficacy, several novel technologies are under investigation, including light-based anti-infective technology with or without chemical substrates, phage therapy, and probiotics. Many of these methods show non-selective antimicrobial activity with potential development as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Multiple preclinical studies and a limited number of clinical case studies have confirmed the efficacy of some of these novel methods. However, given the rapid evolution of corneal infections, their treatment requires rapid institution to limit the impact on vision and prevent complications such as scarring and corneal perforation. Given their rapid effects on microbial viability, light-based technologies seem particularly promising in this regard.

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“…Future larger studies are required to determine a more consistent answer. Rose Bengal photodynamic antimicrobial therapy has also shown promising results in vitro and in vivo against bacteria and fungus [ [88][89][90][91] and in vivo against Fusarium and Acanthamoeba [92,93]. Other cross-linking agents being investigated include genipin [94], TONS504 (cationic chlorin derivative photosensitizer) [95], IQ-Cm [a type of aggregationinduced emission luminogens (AIEgens)] [96], and a modified Photosensitizer-based boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) chromophore [97].…”

Section: Collagen Cross-linkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapy for contact lens-related ulcers

Jeang

Tuli

2022

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Purpose of reviewThe current review covers the current literature and practice patterns of antimicrobial therapy for contact lens-related microbial keratitis (CLMK). Although the majority of corneal ulcers are bacterial, fungus and acanthamoeba are substantial contributors in CLMK and are harder to treat due to the lack of commercially available topical medications and low efficacy of available topical therapy.Recent findingsTopical antimicrobials remain the mainstay of therapy for corneal ulcers. Fluoroquinolones may be used as monotherapy for small, peripheral bacterial ulcers. Antibiotic resistance is a persistent problem. Fungal ulcers are less responsive to topical medications and adjunct oral or intrastromal antifungal medications may be helpful. Acanthamoeba keratitis continues to remain a therapeutic challenge but newer antifungal and antiparasitic agents may be helpful adjuncts. Other novel and innovative therapies are being studied currently and show promise.SummaryContact lens-associated microbial keratitis is a significant health issue that can cause vision loss. Treatment remains a challenge but many promising diagnostics and procedures are in the pipeline and offer hope.

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Rose Bengal and Riboflavin Mediated Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy Against Selected South Florida Nocardia Keratitis Isolates

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Antibacterial Properties of Rose Bengal Conjugated to Hyaluronic Acid

Antibacterial Properties of Rose Bengal Conjugated to Hyaluronic Acid

Managing Corneal Infections: Out with the old, in with the new?

Therapy for contact lens-related ulcers

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