Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) cultivars calyx produced hydroponically: Physicochemical and nutricional quality

Abstract

The chemical constituents of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) vary by environmental stimuli and cultivar. The effect of cultivars produced under hydroponic and greenhouse conditions on the mineral composition, chemical and nutraceutical quality of the calyx was evaluated. An experiment was conducted in greenhouse and hydroponic conditions, in a randomized complete design with three replicates and four plants per experimental unit. Treatments were formed by a six roselle cultivars: Cruza Negra, Criolla Huajicori, UAN25-1, UAN16-2, 4Q4, and UAN6-Puga. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that 'Cruza Negra' is the best cultivar because it presents the highest values of total and insoluble fiber (395 and 260 g kg -1 dry basis [db]), total phenols (29.178 mg kg -1 db), anthocyanins (18.133 mg kg -1 db), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; 645 mg kg -1 db), and the absorption capacity of oxygen radicals (ORAC; 240 mg kg -1 db). The highest contribution of minerals was observed in 'Cruza Negra' (K, Na, Zn, and Cu) and 'Criolla Huajicori' (Ca, Mg, S, and Mn), contributing significantly to the recommended daily intake (RDI). Variability was evident in all the quality characteristics evaluated in the greenhouse roselle calyx. Ash, total and insoluble fiber, phenols, anthocyanins, DPPH, and ORAC contributed the most to the nutritional and nutraceutical quality of the roselle calyx. These variables were influenced by the cultivar.

Anthocyanin Induction by Drought Stress in the Calyx of Roselle Cultivars

“…However, the stress conditions yielded notable changes from control conditions only in the luminosity of the roselle calyx in the three cultivars, which was lower under water stress than under 100% moisture ( Table 2). In general, the colour of the roselle calyx is very varied and can present values of luminosity between 29 and 49, chromaticity between 18 and 27, and hue angle between 13 and 28 [2], which correspond to calyces of light red, deep red, and dark brown red. However, each variety of roselle has market value owing to its visual quality, size, anthocyanin content, and chemical characteristics such as acidity and aroma [6].…”

“…Hibiscus sabdariffa L., a plant that grows in tropical and subtropical regions, is of considerable medicinal and economic value worldwide. It is valued in the food and nutraceutical industries as a source of minerals and fiber and thanks to its high contents of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Sensoris Sosis Ayam dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa) dan Filler Berbeda

“…Pigmen antosianin dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami dan antioksidan yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menghambat reaksi radikal bebas dalam tubuh manusia. Delphinidin-3-sambubioside dan cyanidine-3-sambubioside telah dilaporkan menjadi dua antosianin utama dalam Rosella (Hinojosa-Gómez et al, 2018).…”

A Combined Experimental and Computational Study of Chrysanthemin as a Pigment for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

“…A theoretical model based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations was used for the prediction of the proton affinity and pKa values of the anthocyanin, in order to be used as a sensitizer for TiO 2 -based DSSCs. In addition to the theoretical calculation, we chose the roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx as a source of the chrysanthemin for DSSCs sensitization [ 16 , 17 ]. The roselle is primarily cultivated because of the consumption of its calyx; in the tissues of its calyx was identified cyanidin 3-glucoside, together with a few other anthocyanins, such as cyanidin 3-rutinoside, delphinidin 3-sambubioside, cyanidin 3-sambubioside, and delphinidin 3-glucoside.…”

“…The roselle is primarily cultivated because of the consumption of its calyx; in the tissues of its calyx was identified cyanidin 3-glucoside, together with a few other anthocyanins, such as cyanidin 3-rutinoside, delphinidin 3-sambubioside, cyanidin 3-sambubioside, and delphinidin 3-glucoside. Namely, delphinidin 3-sambubioside and cyanidin 3-sambubioside were identified as predominant anthocyanins, and cyanidin 3-glucoside and delphinidin 3-glucoside as minor compounds in the aqueous extracts of dried calyces of H. sabdariffa [ 17 , 18 ]. The differences between the four anthocyanins are minor, consisting in the nature of saccharide bound to the same anthocyanidin (cyanidin 3-sambubioside compared to cyanidin 3-glucoside, delphinidin 3-sambubioside compared to delphinidin 3-glucoside), respective of an additional -OH group in the anthocyanidin structure (in delphinidin 3-glucoside compared to cyanidin 3-glucoside).…”