Rosmarinic acid relieves cisplatin‐induced ovary toxicity in female mice via suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation

Abstract

Rosmarinic acid having potential anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activity. We examined the chemotherapeutic effect of rosmarinic against cisplatin (CIS)-induced ovarian toxicity via modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation.Swiss BALB mice used in experimental protocol and mice were divided into different groups. Intraperitoneal injection of CIS (7 mg/kg) was used for ovarian cancer induction. The rats were received rosmarinic acid (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, body weight) treatment for 22 weeks. Body weight, ovary weight food, and water intake were estimated at regular time intervals. Hormonal and antioxidant parameters were estimated in the ovary tissue and serum at the end of the study. Cytokines, inflammatory, and apoptosis parameters were determined at the end of the study.Finally, the ovary tissue histopathology was performed at end of the experimental study. Rosmarinic acid significantly (p < 0.001) improved the body weight and reduced the ovary weight. Rosmarinic acid considerably reduced the hormonal assay parameters, such as antimullerian hormone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone compared to model control mice. Rosmarinic treatment significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the level of nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, and boosted the level of antioxidant parameters, such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in serum and ovary tissue. Rosmarinic acid downregulated the cytokines like interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β; inflammatory parameter includes prostaglandin E 2 , cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase at a dose-dependently. Ovary tissue histopathology showed improvement after rosmarinic acid treatment. The result suggests that rosmarinic acid is a protective effect in ameliorating CIS-induced ovary toxicity via alteration of inflammatory and apoptosis parameters.

Biomedical features and therapeutic potential of rosmarinic acid

“…In addition, RA induced G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells by regulating apoptotic genes' expression. In Swiss BALB mice, RA exposure displayed protective effects in cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity through modulation of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory parameters (Gui et al 2021 ). RA exposure ameliorated doxorubicin-mediated cardiotoxicity in both in vitro and in vivo models and, therefore, also be a promising drug for combating anti-cancer drug-mediated toxicity (Rahbardar et al 2021 ).…”

Rosmarinic Acid and Related Dietary Supplements: Potential Applications in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer

“…Therefore, the daily consumption of vitamin-rich foods as non-enzymatic antioxidant supplements, or superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and other health products as the supplements of antioxidant enzymes can effectively remove free radicals. Studies have shown that phenolic antioxidant RA had the function of scavenging free radicals, including ROS and H 2 O 2 , and enhanced antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymic antioxidants [ 70 , 71 ]. The antioxidant effect of RA is mainly related to preventing tumorigenesis and chemosensitization.…”

“…In addition, the antioxidant activity of RA can improve the toxicity of anti-tumor therapy. The antioxidation properties of RA protected ovaries without attenuating the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin [ 71 ]. RA improved the hepatorenal toxicity induced by methotrexate and cardiotoxicity induced by DOX based on antioxidant activity [ 82 , 83 , 84 ].…”

Journey of Rosmarinic Acid as Biomedicine to Nano-Biomedicine for Treating Cancer: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives

“…The extensive literature has shown the therapeutic potential of RA as antibacterial [25], antiviral [26], anti-inflammatory [27], anti-cancer [28], immunological modulation [29], health-enhancing [22], and containing antioxidant properties [30]. Among these activities, a significant number of reports have highlighted the anticancer activity of RA [31][32][33][34][35]. Hence, it is important to investigate the role of RA as an anticancer lead which might further lead to the discovery of a new cytotoxic drug.…”