Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary): A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Antidiabetic, Antidepressant, Neuroprotective, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Obesity Treatment

Abstract

Objective: Collect published research articles on the desired topic and summarizes their findings in an evaluation of the preservative and therapeutic potential of Rosmarinus officinalis. Design:The research articles used in this review were obtained by searching public databases with keywords such as "Rosmarinus officinalis", "R. officinalis" and "rosemary." The articles were then reviewed, summarized, and organized based on topic.Results: Eighty research articles revealed a wide range of therapeutic applications for Rosmarinus officinalis. Among others, rosemary was found to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti diabetic, antidepressant, neuro protective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity activities. Rosemary essential oil and extract were found to contain several biologically active compounds. Compared to synthetic agents, Rosmarinus officinalis displayed low toxicity levels and few side effects. Conclusion:Rosmarinus officinalis shows great promise as a natural food preservative and therapeutic agent in the treatment of many diseases. The chemical composition of rosemary essential oil and extract includes several compounds that are known to be strong antioxidants. Many of the biological properties of rosemary depend on this antioxidant activity. This is especially true in rosemary's anti diabetic and anticancer mechanisms, for oxidative stress is a severe complication in both diseases. The antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of rosemary, along with its low toxicity levels, make Rosmarinus officinalis a promising food preservative with fewer side effects than artificial additives. Despite these encouraging findings, more research on the exact mechanisms of rosemary's biological activities is needed before it is consistently used to treat human diseases.

Prediction of antimalaria activity, cytotoxicity risks and molecular docking of constituents of rosemary essential oil (<em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L.) against <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em>

“…Rosemary essential oil and extract are biologically active compounds with strong antioxidant activity, so these antioxidant molecules in rosemary essential oil demonstrate strong potential for the synthesis of new natural antimalarial drugs. [3].…”

Multifunctional Nanosystem for Dual Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy in Infectious Diabetic Wounds

“…Quercetin, a flavonoid compound, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, modulating cellular signaling pathways involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. ,, Rosemary oil, another component of the dual therapy, has been investigated for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Its volatile compounds, including 1,8-cineole and limonene, contribute to antimicrobial activity. − Furthermore, rosemary oil modulates cell signaling pathways in inflammation and oxidative stress. − Ce6, an extensively studied photosensitive dye used in PDT, demonstrates efficacy against bacteria and fungi while maintaining minimal dark toxicity toward mammalian cells …”