Rostering in Air Traffic Control: A Narrative Review

Terenzi, Michela; Ricciardi, Orlando; Nocera, Francesco Di

doi:10.3390/ijerph19084625

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…This could encompass a full nightshift or a transition at 3 a.m. Given that the handover, considered as critical action (Terenzi et al, 2022), occurs during the middle of the WOCL, it raises concerns about whether this is a safe practice for transferring shift information between colleagues. The data suggest that both shift groups experience impaired performance during this time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nightshifts result overall in the highest fatigue ratings, which corresponds to lower performance compared to day shifts (Rhodes et al, 1996). While numerous studies have explored the effects of scheduling and nightshifts on fatigue (Terenzi et al, 2022), there is limited research on the effects of the arrangement of work and sleep periods, specifically during nightshifts in ATC. This attentional lack is surprising, given the effectiveness of well-planned work and sleep schedules in combating fatigue, particularly during nighttime (Dutheil et al, 2020; Ruggiero & Redeker, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating Fatigue in Operational Nightshifts

Peukert,

Sobotta,

Meyer

2024

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors

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The study investigated sleepiness and fatigue in a single split nightshift arrangement in air traffic control. The arrangement included two mirrored nightshift types, with sleep and operational phases alternating once mid-shift. Sleep duration, subjective sleepiness, and fatigue as well as sustained attention, which have not been thoroughly studied to date, were examined. The findings suggest different sleep strategies. Working during the second part of the night resulted in reduced sleep duration before the shift. Subjective fatigue exhibited varying patterns depending on the shift type and time, with elevated fatigue observed at the start and middle of the shift. However, subjective sleepiness and sustained attention were primarily influenced by the passage of time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Fatigue in Operational Nightshifts

Peukert,

Sobotta,

Meyer

2024

Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors

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“…Beyond regulations, fatigue has been extensively researched across various disciplines. Terenzi, Ricciardi, and Di Nocera [6] conducted a recent literature review to provide guidance for effective ATC shift planning. Their primary focus was on identifying appropriate parameters for defining rest periods for ATCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Traffic Controllers’ Rostering: Sleep Quality, Vigilance, Mental Workload, and Boredom: A Report of Two Case Studies

Terenzi,

Tempestini,

Di Nocera

2024

Aerospace

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Fatigue in air traffic management (ATM) is a well-recognized safety concern. International organizations like ICAO and EASA have responded by advocating for fatigue risk management systems (FRMSs). EU Regulation 2017/373, implemented in January 2020, mandates specific requirements for air traffic service providers (ANSPs) regarding controller fatigue, stress, and rostering practices. These regulations are part of broader safety management protocols. Despite ongoing efforts to raise awareness about fatigue in ATC, standardized operational requirements remain elusive. To address this gap, Eurocontrol recently published “Guidelines on fatigue management in ATC rostering systems” (23 April 2024). This initiative aims to facilitate the adoption of common fatigue management standards across operations. However, neither EU Regulation 2017/373 nor existing documentation provides definitive rostering criteria. ANSPs typically derive these criteria from a combination of scientific research, best practices, historical data, and legal and operational constraints. Assessing and monitoring fatigue in the real-world ATC setting is complex. The multifaceted nature of fatigue makes it difficult to study, as it is influenced by many factors including sleep quality, circadian rhythms, psychosocial stressors, individual differences, and environmental conditions. Long-term studies are often required to fully understand these complex interactions. This paper presents two case studies that attempt to create an evidence-based protocol for fatigue risk monitoring in ATC operations. These studies utilize a non-invasive approach and collect multidimensional data. The cases involved en-route and tower (TWR) controllers from different ATC centers. The results highlight the importance of fatigue assessment in ATC and shed light on the challenges of implementing fatigue monitoring systems within operational environments.

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“…Rapidly growing flight volumes have resulted in an increasing workload for air traffic controllers. Research shows that an excessive workload contributes to controller fatigue and negligence, leading to flight accidents [1]. Therefore, fatigue detection in controllers is an important means of preventing air traffic safety accidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Multi-Mode Fatigue Information from Speech and Gaze Data from Air Traffic Controllers

Xu,

Ma,

Shen

et al. 2023

Aerospace

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In order to determine the fatigue state of air traffic controllers from air talk, an algorithm is proposed for discriminating the fatigue state of controllers based on applying multi-speech feature fusion to voice data using a Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM). To supplement the basis for discrimination, we also extracted eye-fatigue-state discrimination features based on Percentage of Eyelid Closure Duration (PERCLOS) eye data. To merge the two classes of discrimination results, a new controller fatigue-state evaluation index based on the entropy weight method is proposed, based on a decision-level fusion of fatigue discrimination results for speech and the eyes. The experimental results show that the fatigue-state recognition accuracy rate was 86.0% for the fatigue state evaluation index, which was 3.5% and 2.2%higher than those for speech and eye assessments, respectively. The comprehensive fatigue evaluation index provides important reference values for controller scheduling and mental-state evaluations.

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Rostering in Air Traffic Control: A Narrative Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

Investigating Fatigue in Operational Nightshifts

Investigating Fatigue in Operational Nightshifts

Air Traffic Controllers’ Rostering: Sleep Quality, Vigilance, Mental Workload, and Boredom: A Report of Two Case Studies

Analyzing Multi-Mode Fatigue Information from Speech and Gaze Data from Air Traffic Controllers

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