repair of the rotator cuff tear when managing patients with both os acromiale and massive rotator cuff tears.
INTRODUCTIONOs acromiale, a condition characterised by fusion failure of the acromion ossification centers, has a reported prevalence of ranging from 1% to 15% [1,2] . There are four separate ossification centers including basi-acromion, meta-acromion, mesa-acromion and the pre-acromion. Fusion of pre-acromion, mesa-acromion and metaacromion usually occurs between the ages of 15 and 18 whereas scapular spine is reported to fuse with basi-acromion earlier (by age of 12) [1] . Traditionally os acromiale has been classified into 3 types. Pre-acromion os acromiale is failure of union between pre-acromion and mesa-acromion, whereas meso-acromion os acromiale, which is the commonest type, is failure of fusion between mesa and meta-acromion. Similarly failure of union between meta-and basiacromions is termed meta-acromion os acromiale.Most patients, however, are asymptomatic and diagnosis is made incidentally while investigating the shoulder for unrelated pathology. In a minority symptoms may arise as result of motion of the unfused fragment leading to pain at the acromioclavicular joint or os site [3] . Patient may also present with impingement type symptoms due to the inferior tilting of unstable os fragment with deltoid contraction. Narrowing of the supraspinatus outlet, and secondary impingement, may also result from spur formation at the interference between the two unfused os fragments [3] . ABSTRACT AIM: Os acromiale is a rare shoulder condition, which may be symptomatic. The rate of rotator cuff disease in the presence of os acromiale is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of os acromiale in patients with massive rotator cuff tears and in those with cuff tear arthropathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective data collection was performed on all patients who were treated for massive rotator cuff tear and\or cuff arthropathy in our unit in period of one year. In particular presence or absence of os acromiale, size of rotator cuff tear and signs of arthritic changes were noted. These were detected by various ways including plain radiograph, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or arthroscopy. RESULTS: We found that 16 out of 135 (12%) of patients with massive rotator cuff tears had an associated os acromiale. Furthermore, 26 out of 82 (32%) patients with cuff arthropathy had an associated os acromiale. CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence that os acromiale is associated with massive rotator cuff tears and cuff arthropathy. It may suggest that os acromiale plays a role in pathophysiology of massive tears and that it may need to be addressed in addition to