Rotavirus and reovirus stability in microorganism-free distilled and wastewaters

McDaniels, Audrey E.; Cochran, Kenneth W.; Gannon, John J.; Williams, George W.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(83)90263-4

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…At present, there is limited information on the fate of viruses in groundwater (20). In our study, poliovirus type 1 was inactivated in groundwater at a somewhat slower rate (-0.13 day-') than (22) for the calf rotavirus seeded in distilled water and wastewater under laboratory conditions in the absence of light. These investigators reported that 7 to 13 days and 80 days were required for a 90%…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Infectivity and antigenicity reduction rates of human rotavirus strain Wa in fresh waters

Pancorbo

Evanshen

Campbell

et al. 1987

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The rates of inactivation of human rotavirus type 2 (strain Wa) (HRV-Wa) and poliovirus type 1 (strain CHAT) were compared in polluted waters (creek water and secondary effluent before chlorination) and nonpolluted waters (lake water, groundwater, and chlorinated tap water). Viral infectivity titers were determined by plaque assays, while HRV-Wa antigenicity also was monitored by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both viruses persisted longest in lake water and shortest in tap water. The actual inactivation titnes (i.e., times required for two-logl0 reductions of initial viral titers) for the two viruses were significantly different in all waters except tap water. With the exception of the groundwater and secondary effluent results, the HRV-Wa inactivation times in the fresh waters tested were significantly different. Owing perhaps to aggregation, HRV-Wa appeared less susceptible to the effects of chlorine than previously reported for this virus and for the simian rotavirus SAil. HRV-Wa displayed prolonged survival in lake water and groundwater exceeding that previously reported for the SAil virus. The HRV-Wa infectivity reduction rate (ki) was significantly correlated with the water pH (i.e., as pH increased, ki increased). The water pH may have influenced viral aggregation and thereby HRV-Wa susceptibility to other virucidal factors in the water. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed similar inactivation patterns with the most significant reduction in HRV-Wa antigenicity occurring in polluted waters and tap water. In all waters, particularly tap water, infectivity declined at a faster rate than antigenicity. It is proposed that HRV-Wa can be used as a model for future studies of rotaviral persistence in the aquatic environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Infectivity and antigenicity reduction rates of human rotavirus strain Wa in fresh waters

Pancorbo

Evanshen

Campbell

et al. 1987

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Metabolic processes increase as temperatures rise and the relationship between population decay and temperature in natural waters has been intensively studied for enteric protozoa [ Naik et al , 1982; deRegnier et al , 1989; Robertson et al , 1992; Medema et al , 1997; Fayer et al , 1998; Walker and Stedinger , 1999; King et al , 2005], bacteria [ Carlucci and Pramer , 1960a; Klock , 1971; Vasconcelos and Swartz , 1976; Mancini , 1978; Gould and Munro , 1981; Lantrip , 1983; Flint , 1987; Evison , 1988; Rhodes and Kator , 1988; Mills et al , 1992; Solic and Krstulovic , 1992; Mezrioui et al , 1995; Sarikaya and Saatchi , 1995; Howell et al , 1996; Nasser and Oman , 1999; Craig et al , 2004] and viruses and phages [ Niemi , 1976; O'Brien and Newman , 1977; McDaniels et al , 1983; Evison , 1988; Nasser and Oman , 1999; Rossi and Aragno , 1999]. As with many biological processes, the most convenient form for the loss rate, when salinity and pH are held constant, is the Arrhenius expression: where T is temperature (°C), = k d is the observed dark death rate at 20°C in fresh water and ϑ M controls the sensitivity of k d to temperature change.…”

Section: Literature Review and Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A generic, process‐based model of microbial pollution in aquatic systems

Hipsey

Antenucci

Brookes

2008

Water Resources Research

119

140

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[1] Based on a comprehensive synthesis of data available within the literature, a new process-based model of microbial pollution is presented, which is applicable for surface and coastal waters. The model is based on a generic set of parameterisations that describe the dynamics of most protozoan, bacterial and viral organisms of interest, including pathogens and microbial indicator organisms. The parameterisations dynamically account for the effects of temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, sunlight, nutrients and turbidity on the growth and mortality of enteric organisms. Parameters for a range of organisms are also presented which are based on collation of literature data. The model has been implemented within an aquatic ecology model, Computational Aquatic Ecosystem Dynamics Model (CAEDYM), which can couple to multidimensional hydrodynamic models. Without adjustment of the literature derived parameter values, a 3-D implementation is validated against observed data from three freshwater systems that differ in their climatic zone, trophic status and operation. The simulations highlight the spatial and temporal variability that may be encountered by operators. Additionally, large differences in the fate and distribution of different species originate from variable rates of growth, mortality and sedimentation and it is emphasized that the use of surrogates for quantifying risk is problematic. The model can be used to help design targeted monitoring programs, explore differences between species, and to support real-time decision-making. Areas where insufficient understanding and data exist are discussed.

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“…McDaniels et al 103 compared the survival of calf rotavirus and reovirus in microorganism-free distilled water and wastewater. In the absence of light and shaking at 26°C, 7 to 13 days were required for a loss of 90% infectivity for both rotavirus and reovirus, while at 8°C, 80 days were required for rotavirus and 260 days for reovirus.…”

Section: H Persistence Of Rotavirus In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%