Rotavirus encephalopathy: Pathogenesis reviewed

Goldwater, PN; Rowland, Kate; Power, Richard G; Thesinger, M; Abbott, Kim; Grieve, A. S.; Palombo, Enzo A.; Pj, Masendycz; Wilkinson, Ian A. G.; Bear, J. C.

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00596.x

Cited by 72 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A retrospective analysis of 984 children with community-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis found that 3.6% of children developed seizures, and 1.3% developed encephalitis with an abnormal EEG 4. In a few reports in the literature rotavirus has been detected in the patient’s CSF;5 6 however, in the majority this is negative, or as in our cases, unavailable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Cluster of neurological manifestations of rotavirus infection in children

Jackson

Bryant

2012

Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Cluster of neurological manifestations of rotavirus infection in children

Jackson

Bryant

2012

Case Reports

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“…It is not obvious how rotavirus could access the CNS. It is plausible that rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) or a peptide derivative could act as a neurotransmitter, and the enteric nervous system (ENS) could provide an entry point for infectious rotavirus to access the CNS [4]. Nitric oxide (NO) metabolite levels were reported to be elevated in serum and CSF obtained from rotavirus gastroenteritis patients with convulsion [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two patients with acute rotavirus encephalitis associated with cerebellar signs and symptoms

et al. 2010

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Rotavirus, one of the major causes of severe gastroenteritis in children, occasionally causes central nervous system complications. Recently several patients with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy due to rotavirus associated with cerebellar signs and symptoms have been reported. The condition is characterized by disturbances of consciousness at onset and cerebellar signs and symptoms such as hypotonia, ataxia, dysmetria, and speech disorders, including mutism, slow speech, and dysarthria at convalescence. We report two patients (3-year-old girl, 2-year-old boy) who developed acute encephalitis due to rotavirus and showed cerebellar signs and symptoms. Both patients had characteristic history of consciousness disturbances subsequent to several days of diarrhea, vomiting and fever, and cerebellar symptoms such as hypotonia, ataxia, dysmetria, and speech disorders during the recovery period. Electroencephalography showed diffuse high-voltage delta wave activity in each patient. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cerebellar edema in the acute phase followed by cerebellar atrophy on follow-up images in both patients. In the first patient, diffusion-weighted images (DWI) revealed high signals at the left cerebellar peduncle region and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps showed decreased ADC values of the lesion in the acute phase. The first patient had dysmetria at 1-year follow-up. However, she had normal motor and cognitive functions and could lead her daily life without impairment. In the second patient, no further symptoms were apparent at 1-year follow-up. Acute encephalitis/encephalopathy due to rotavirus with cerebellar signs and symptoms might be diagnosed on DWI, by demonstrating decreased ADC values in acute phase.

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“…There are a number of reports confirming the involvement of the CNS in patients with rotavirus diarrhea (22)(23)(24). However, during the course of admission, clinical features suggestive of CNS involvement were not observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%