Rotavirus Infection Activates Dendritic Cells from Peyer's Patches in Adult Mice

Lymphotoxin Alpha-Deficient Mice Clear Persistent Rotavirus Infection after Local Generation of Mucosal IgA

“…Whether rotavirus can directly activate DCs in vivo, however, is an important issue, as DCs derived in vitro from cultured bone marrow or blood monocytes are quite different from DCs found in tissues (34). Indeed, one recent report indicates that CCR6 ϩ PP DCs can accumulate and become activated in the SED following rotavirus infection in mice (28). Regardless, the present demonstration that rotavirus antigens are directly taken up by CD11c ϩ cells, most likely DCs, in PPs is of interest for understanding the mechanisms by which immune responses are induced to rotavirus in vivo.…”

Virus-associated activation of innate immunity induces rapid disruption of Peyer’s patches in mice

“…38 Oral infection with rotavirus, a pathogen with gastrointestinal tropism, leads to hyperplasia of the Peyer's patches in mice. 10,39 In this model of intestinal infection, local proliferation of antigen-specific B and T cells in the Peyer's patches may block or simply mask reduction in noncognate B cells. 28,40 During chronic virus infections, prolonged type I IFN release has been associated with hyperimmune activation, disruption of lymphoid tissue architecture, and disease progression.…”

“…8 In the course of such an enteric infection, aggregated lymphoid follicles in the gut wall (ie, the Peyer's patches) form the primary inductive site of intestinal antimicrobial immunity. 9,10 In this study, we investigated the effect of virus-associated innate immune activation on lymphocyte distribution within these organs. Here we show for the first time that viral immune activation substantially changes the morphology of the Peyer's patches by inducing their rapid disruption.…”

Acute Gastroenteritis Viruses

“…A role for dendritic cells (DCs) has also been indicated in rotavirus infections. Activation of mouse bone marrow and Peyers patch-derived DCs have been described following exposure to rotavirus (Istrate et al, 2007;Lopez-Guerrero et al, 2010). Stimulation of human peripheral plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) induces substantial IFNα production independent of virus replication.…”