Rotavirus Infection Enhances Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intussusception in a Mouse Model

Warfield, Kelly L.; Blutt, Sarah E.; Crawford, Sue E.; Kang, Gagandeep; Conner, Margaret E.

doi:10.1128/jvi.01185-06

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The available oral cholera vaccines require a buffer solution, and the hypothesized poor stability of antigens in killed vaccines delivered via the oral route may be a disadvantage (9,67). In addition, oral vaccinations have been associated with complications like mild diarrhea and moresevere complications, such as intussusception, observed for example for a rotavirus vaccine (71,95). Besides live attenuated oral vaccines, research currently focuses on subunit vaccines or conjugated vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization with Vibrio cholerae Outer Membrane Vesicles Induces Protective Immunity in Mice

2008

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The gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) during growth. In this study, we immunized female mice by the intranasal, intragastric, or intraperitoneal route with purified OMVs derived from V. cholerae. Independent of the route of immunization, mice induced specific, high-titer immune responses of similar levels against a variety of antigens present in the OMVs. After the last immunization, the half-maximum total immunoglobulin titer was stable over a 3-month period, indicating that the immune response was long lasting. The induction of specific isotypes, however, was dependent on the immunization route. Immunoglobulin A, for example, was induced to a significant level only by mucosal immunization, with the intranasal route generating the highest titers. We challenged the offspring of immunized female mice with V. cholerae via the oral route in two consecutive periods, approximately 30 and 95 days after the last immunization. Regardless of the route of immunization, the offspring was protected against colonization with V. cholerae in both challenge periods. Our results show that mucosal immunizations via both routes with OMVs derived from V. cholerae induce long-term protective immune responses against this gastrointestinal pathogen. These findings may contribute to the development of "nonliving," OMV-based vaccines against V. cholerae and other enteric pathogens, using the oral or intranasal route of immunization.The devastating diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the gram-negative, motile, curved-rod bacterium Vibrio cholerae (56). Over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae have been identified; however, epidemics are caused only by strains of serogroup O1 and the recently emerged serogroup O139 (27). Cholera is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. The infectious dose can vary tremendously, from 10 3 to 10 11 cells, depending on multiple factors, including the specific V. cholerae isolate as well as the diet, age, blood type, and health status of the patient (16,61,79). In addition, it has been recently reported that V. cholerae secreted by the host is more infectious than in vitrocultured V. cholerae (1,12,63). The existence of such a hyperinfectious state is supported by a mathematical model based on epidemiological data (41) and could help to explain the explosive nature of cholera outbreaks.Soon after oral ingestion, V. cholerae reaches the small bowel, its primary site of colonization, and induces virulence factors, such as toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) and cholera toxin (CT) (17,42,87). A complex regulatory cascade including ToxT as well as the inner membrane proteins ToxR/S and TcpP/H controls the expression of virulence factors (54, 78). With the infant mouse and rabbit ileal loop animal models of infection, several factors of V. cholerae have been demonstrated to be important for colonization. Interestingly, a large number of these factors are associated with the outer membrane (OM), including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), OM porins (OMPs), TCP, and flagella (5,19,68,73,...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization with Vibrio cholerae Outer Membrane Vesicles Induces Protective Immunity in Mice

2008

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“…Currently the only well-characterized animal model of rotavirus-associated systemic disease is the RRV-induced BA model in newborn mice. A lipopolysaccharide-dependent intussusception model restricted to the gut has recently been described as well (58). The current BA model requires i.p.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Interferon in Homologous and Heterologous Rotavirus Infection in the Intestines and Extraintestinal Organs of Suckling Mice

Feng

Kim

Fenaux

et al. 2008

J Virol

132

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Recent studies demonstrated that viremia and extraintestinal rotavirus infection are common in acutely infected humans and animals, while systemic diseases appear to be rare. Intraperitoneal infection of newborn mice with rhesus rotavirus (RRV) results in biliary atresia (BA), and this condition is influenced by the host interferon response. We studied orally inoculated 5-day-old suckling mice that were deficient in interferon (IFN) signaling to evaluate the role of interferon on the outcome of local and systemic infection after enteric inoculation. We found that systemic replication of RRV, but not murine rotavirus strain EC, was greatly enhanced in IFN-␣/␤ and IFN-␥ receptor double-knockout (KO) or STAT1 KO mice but not in mice deficient in B-or T-cell immunity. The enhanced replication of RRV was associated with a lethal hepatitis, pancreatitis, and BA, while no systemic disease was observed in strain EC-infected interferon-deficient mice. In IFN-␣/␤ receptor KO mice the extraintestinal infection and systemic disease were only moderately increased, while RRV infection was not augmented and systemic disease was not present in IFN-␥ receptor KO mice. The increase of systemic infection in IFN-deficient mice was also observed during simian strain SA11 infection but not following bovine NCDV, porcine OSU, or murine strain EW infection. Our data indicate that the requirements for the interferon system to inhibit intestinal and extraintestinal viral replication in suckling mice vary among different heterologous and homologous rotavirus strains, and this variation is associated with lethal systemic disease.

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“…However, in the same study, G3 bovine reassortant vaccine strain did not invade the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the animal model. It was shown in another study that not only RRV but also other rotaviruses are capable of inducing intussusception in a mouse model (3). Therefore, causing intussusception may not be a particular characteristic of RRV or serotype G3 rotavirus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was clear on appearance and the pressure was within normal limits. The results of laboratory investigation of CSF were as follows: no erythrocyte was observed, total leukocyte count was 270/mm 3 , consisting of 30% polymorphonuclear neutrophils and 70% mononuclear leukocytes, and protein concentration was 569 mg/L (reference: 150-450 mg/L) and glucose 55 mg/L (reference: 60-80 mg/L). CSF culture did not show growth of any microorganisms.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus-associated intussusception followed by spontaneous resolution

Dallar

Bostancı²,

Bozdayı³

et al. 2009

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Rotavirus Infection Enhances Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intussusception in a Mouse Model

Cited by 22 publications

References 91 publications

Immunization with Vibrio cholerae Outer Membrane Vesicles Induces Protective Immunity in Mice

Immunization with Vibrio cholerae Outer Membrane Vesicles Induces Protective Immunity in Mice

Role of Interferon in Homologous and Heterologous Rotavirus Infection in the Intestines and Extraintestinal Organs of Suckling Mice

Rotavirus-associated intussusception followed by spontaneous resolution

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