Rotavirus vaccine response correlates with the infant gut microbiota composition in Pakistan

Harris, Vanessa; Ali, Syed Asad; Korpela, Katri; Kazi, Momin; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Wiersinga, W. Joost; Giaquinto, Carlo; Weerth, Carolina de; Vos, Willem M. de

doi:10.1080/19490976.2017.1376162

Cited by 162 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Although the factors that determine the diminished effectiveness in less developed countries are not fully understood, both vaccines save more lives in low-income countries because of the higher rotavirus disease burden and mortality in these countries 90 . In Ghana and Pakistan, the intestinal microbiome composition has been associated with diminished efficacy of the RV1 vaccine 121,122 , although the exact implications of this are unclear. Environmental enteropathy (a common disorder in children in some low-income countries that is associated with diminished gastrointestinal immunity) might also have a role in reduced vaccine effectiveness in developing countries 123 .…”

Section: Diagnosis Screening and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infection

Crawford

Ramani

Tate

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

556

558

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Rotavirus infections are a leading cause of severe, dehydrating gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age. Despite the global introduction of vaccinations for rotavirus over a decade ago, rotavirus infections still result in >200,000 deaths annually, mostly in low-income countries. Rotavirus primarily infects enterocytes and induces diarrhoea through the destruction of absorptive enterocytes (leading to malabsorption), intestinal secretion stimulated by rotavirus non-structural protein 4 and activation of the enteric nervous system. In addition, rotavirus infections can lead to antigenaemia (which is associated with more severe manifestations of acute gastroenteritis) and viraemia, and rotavirus can replicate in systemic sites, although this is limited. Reinfections with rotavirus are common throughout life, although the disease severity is reduced with repeat infections. The immune correlates of protection against rotavirus reinfection and recovery from infection are poorly understood, although rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A has a role in both aspects. The management of rotavirus infection focuses on the prevention and treatment of dehydration, although the use of antiviral and anti-emetic drugs can be indicated in some cases.

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Section: Diagnosis Screening and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infection

Crawford

Ramani

Tate

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

556

558

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“…Our results suggest that the observed richness decrease might be an outcome of the compound effect of the probiotic and the inflammatory effect of the adjuvant. An existing body of literature supports that probiotics and/or vaccination could result in modulation of the resident microbiome 45,46,47,13,18,48,49,50 . In addition, a significant decrease in richness and shift in the microbial community structure was also observed in association with the RB treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is clear that the microbiome greatly influences mucosal health 3,16 , but how vaccines, and any subsequent mucosal immune response, influence the microbiome is poorly understood 17 . There is increasing evidence that the immunogenicity and efficacy of current vaccines are related to the intestinal microbiome 18,19,20 . Multiple studies have also shown that probiotic administration prior to or concurrent with vaccination enhances B cell and antibody responses and provides the mucosa with direct protection from infection through interactions with the innate immune system 21,20,22,23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal impact of oral probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus vaccine strains on the immune response and gut microbiome of mice

Abdo

LeCureux

LaVoy

et al. 2019

Preprint

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29The potential role of probiotic bacteria as adjuvants in vaccine trials led to their use as 30 nonparenteral live mucosal vaccine vectors. Yet, interactions between these vectors, the host and 31 the microbiome are poorly understood. This study evaluates impact of three probiotic, 32Lactobacillus acidophilus, vector strains, and their interactions with the host's immune response, 33 on the gut microbiome. One strain expressed the membrane proximal external region from HIV-34 1 (MPER). The other two expressed MPER and either secreted interleukin-1β or 35 expressed the surface flagellin subunit C (FliC) as adjuvants. We also used MPER with rice bran 36 as prebiotic supplement. We observed a strain dependent, differential effect suggesting that 37 MPER and IL-1β induced a shift of the microbiome while FliC had minimal impact. Joint 38 probiotic and prebiotic use resulted in a compound effect, highlighting a potential synbiotic 39 approach to impact efficacy of vaccination. Careful consideration of constitutive adjuvants and 40 use of prebiotics is needed depending on whether or not to target microbiome modulation to 41 improve vaccine efficacy. No clear associations were observed between total or MPER-specific 42IgA and the microbiome suggesting a role for other immune mechanisms or a need to focus on 43IgA-bound, resident microbiota, most affected by an immune response. 44 45The relationship between the microbiome and its host has been rigorously studied during the last 46 decade resulting in evidence supporting its role in health and disease 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 . It was also 47 established that the microbiome is dependent on diet and on its environment and could be 48 modulated, for better or worse, by use of antibiotics, probiotics and/or prebiotics 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 . Use of 49 probiotics has been shown to impact the gut microbiome due to direct competition or cooperation 50 with the resident microbiota, and was shown to have a direct effect on the host through immune 51 modulation and enhanced barrier function 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 . 52 53It is clear that the microbiome greatly influences mucosal health 3 , 16 , but how vaccines, and any 54 subsequent mucosal immune response, influence the microbiome is poorly understood 17 . There is 55 increasing evidence that the immunogenicity and efficacy of current vaccines are related to the 56 intestinal microbiome 18 , 19 , 20 . Multiple studies have also shown that probiotic administration prior 57 to or concurrent with vaccination enhances B cell and antibody responses and provides the 58 mucosa with direct protection from infection through interactions with the innate immune 59 system 21 , 20 , 22 , 23 . Trials of both parenteral and nonparenteral vaccines, in conjunction with 60 probiotic administration, also point to probiotic bacteria as adjuvants 17 . The mechanisms behind 61 this phenomenon are incompletely understood but are likely due to probiotic surface structures 24 . 62This inherent adjuvanticity has led to the use of probiotics, typically lactic a...

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“…A comparison of Pakistani and Dutch infants matched by age, sex, mode of deliver, birth weight and breastfeeding practices found no differences in diversity, richness or evenness, but reported higher Proteobacteria in Dutch infants including bacteria such as Enterobacter spp., E. coli, Serratia spp. and Klebsiella spp., 121 which goes against the notion that developed countries have lower enterobacteria. Similarly in a study of 65-70 Nigerian neonates, rectal swabbed samples consisted mainly of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (38.6%), followed by S. aureus (31.4%) and E. coli (30%) on the first day of life.…”

Section: Hygiene Practices Impact the Ecological Succession Of Bactermentioning

confidence: 95%

Human behavior, not race or geography, is the strongest predictor of microbial succession in the gut bacteriome of infants

Quin

Gibson

2020

Gut Microbes

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Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with microorganisms during infancy represents a critical control point for shaping lifelong immune-mediated disease susceptibility. Abnormal colonization or an imbalance of microbes, termed dysbiosis, is implicated in several diseases. Consequently, recent research has aimed at understanding ways to manipulate a dysbiotic microbiome during infancy to resemble a normal, healthy microbiome. However, one of the fundamental issues in microbiome research is characterizing what a "normal" infant microbiome is based on geography, ethnicity and cultural variations. This review provides a comprehensive account of what is currently known about the infant microbiome from a global context. In general, this review shows that the influence of cultural variations in feeding practices, delivery modes and hygiene are the biggest contributors to microbial variability. Despite geography or race, all humans have similar microbial succession during infancy.

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Rotavirus vaccine response correlates with the infant gut microbiota composition in Pakistan

Cited by 162 publications

References 45 publications

Rotavirus infection

Rotavirus infection

Longitudinal impact of oral probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus vaccine strains on the immune response and gut microbiome of mice

Human behavior, not race or geography, is the strongest predictor of microbial succession in the gut bacteriome of infants

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