Rothia mucilaginosa Bacteremia Associated with HIV and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature

Miller, Christopher C.J.; Tichindelean, Carmen; Blanchette, Lisa M.

doi:10.5799/jmid.367563

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Several taxa were higher or lower abundance in a subset of IMIDs compared to HC. As an example, we observed Rothia [58], an opportunistic pathogen, to be more abundant in CD and RA. Rothia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases—does a common dysbiosis exist?

et al. 2018

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BackgroundImmune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) represents a substantial health concern. It is widely recognized that IMID patients are at a higher risk for developing secondary inflammation-related conditions. While an ambiguous etiology is common to all IMIDs, in recent years, considerable knowledge has emerged regarding the plausible role of the gut microbiome in IMIDs. This study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to compare the gut microbiota of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD; N = 20), ulcerative colitis (UC; N = 19), multiple sclerosis (MS; N = 19), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA; N = 21) versus healthy controls (HC; N = 23). Biological replicates were collected from participants within a 2-month interval. This study aimed to identify common (or unique) taxonomic biomarkers of IMIDs using both differential abundance testing and a machine learning approach.ResultsSignificant microbial community differences between cohorts were observed (pseudo F = 4.56; p = 0.01). Richness and diversity were significantly different between cohorts (pFDR < 0.001) and were lowest in CD while highest in HC. Abundances of Actinomyces, Eggerthella, Clostridium III, Faecalicoccus, and Streptococcus (pFDR < 0.001) were significantly higher in all disease cohorts relative to HC, whereas significantly lower abundances were observed for Gemmiger, Lachnospira, and Sporobacter (pFDR < 0.001). Several taxa were found to be differentially abundant in IMIDs versus HC including significantly higher abundances of Intestinibacter in CD, Bifidobacterium in UC, and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae in MS and significantly lower abundances of Coprococcus in CD, Dialister in MS, and Roseburia in RA. A machine learning approach to classify disease versus HC was highest for CD (AUC = 0.93 and AUC = 0.95 for OTU and genus features, respectively) followed by MS, RA, and UC. Gemmiger and Faecalicoccus were identified as important features for classification of subjects to CD and HC. In general, features identified by differential abundance testing were consistent with machine learning feature importance.ConclusionsThis study identified several gut microbial taxa with differential abundance patterns common to IMIDs. We also found differentially abundant taxa between IMIDs. These taxa may serve as biomarkers for the detection and diagnosis of IMIDs and suggest there may be a common component to IMID etiology.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-018-0603-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases—does a common dysbiosis exist?

et al. 2018

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“…Among invasive infections, endocarditis has been the most frequently reported; however, other organ systems (meningitis, pneumonia, peritonitis, skin, and soft tissue infections) may also be affected, especially if the presence of an underlying illness centers around a specific organ (eg, lung cancer and Rothia pneumonitis; in these cases, diagnosis was reached from cultures of the pleural fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Several case reports or case series in a single institution have been published in the literature 7,12,[32][33][34][35] ; however, comprehensive epidemiological studies on Rothia bacteremia are lacking. In a 10-year study at the Mayo Clinic (in Rochester, MI) between 2002 and 2011, 67 adult patients had positive blood cultures for Rothia (6.7/year), of which 37.3% presented with symptoms of septicemia and 28.3% had neutropenia and/or some sort of hematological malignancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Based on the reports available in the literature, most (>99%) of Rothia isolates are susceptible to penicillin G and V, aminopenicillins (ampicillin, amoxicillin), first-to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and vancomycin; the susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and newer agents) is similarly high, estimated to be around 90% to 95%. 4,6,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]22,23,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36] The ratio of tetracycline (due to mutations in the tet efflux pumps), and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramine resistance (due to several possible mutations in the targets of the respective antibiotics) is reported to be higher, 0% to 30% and 15% to 75%, respectively. 4,6,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]22,23,[30][31][32][33][34]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rothia Bacteremia

Gajdács

Ábrók

Lázár

et al. 2020

Infect Dis Clin Pract

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Background: The genus Rothia are nonmotile, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming Gram-positive cocci, which are considered low-grade pathogens with relatively few known virulence determinants. Methods: During our retrospective, single-center cohort study, microbiological data were collected corresponding to the 12-year period (January 1, 200 to December 31, 2017), at the Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Szeged. Results: A total of 37 individual Rothia isolates were identified (3.1 ± 1.9/ years; range, 0-6 isolates), 28 were Rothia dentocariosa, 9 were Rothia mucilaginosa. The affected patients presented with a slight female dominance (21 of 37; female/male ratio, 1:31); the median age of the affected patients was 57 years (range, 1-86 years). In the majority of blood cultures (n = 22), Rothia species were the only isolated microorganisms. All of the tested strains were susceptible to benzylpenicillin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, linezolid, and rifampicin. Conclusions: Rothia species may readily be misidentified as staphylococci, streptococci, or corynebacteria, both the clinical microbiologists and physicians should be aware of the possible etiological role of these microorganisms during their clinical practice, especially if the relevant risk factors are present in these patients.

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Rothia mucilaginosa Bacteremia Associated with HIV and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases—does a common dysbiosis exist?

A comparative study of the gut microbiota in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases—does a common dysbiosis exist?

Rothia Bacteremia

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