Rothia mucilaginosa, rarely isolated pathogen as an etiological factor of infection of soft tissues in young, healthy woman

Abstract

This paper presents a rare case of facial soft tissue infection caused by the bacterial strain of Rothia mucilaginosa. Odontogenic background of infection and initial clinical presentation suggested the presence of typical bacterial flora and uncomplicated course of treatment. However, despite surgical intervention and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, the expected improvement of a clinical status was not achieved. Only detailed bacteriological examination allowed to establish a bacterial pathogen and start a targeted antibiotic therapy. The unusual clinical course was monitored by imaging CT examination and further surgical interventions. A significant improvement was obtained in the third week of hospitalization and further antibiotic therapy was continued by means of outpatient treatment. Rothia mucilaginosa infection together with dental intervention is a rare case, since most of the reports in the literature concern the patients with decreased immunity. In such patients, the most common areas of infection were: the peritoneum, lung tissue and meningeal spaces of the brain and the presence of a foreign body.

Rothia Bacteremia

“…Among invasive infections, endocarditis has been the most frequently reported; however, other organ systems (meningitis, pneumonia, peritonitis, skin, and soft tissue infections) may also be affected, especially if the presence of an underlying illness centers around a specific organ (eg, lung cancer and Rothia pneumonitis; in these cases, diagnosis was reached from cultures of the pleural fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Several case reports or case series in a single institution have been published in the literature 7,12,[32][33][34][35] ; however, comprehensive epidemiological studies on Rothia bacteremia are lacking. In a 10-year study at the Mayo Clinic (in Rochester, MI) between 2002 and 2011, 67 adult patients had positive blood cultures for Rothia (6.7/year), of which 37.3% presented with symptoms of septicemia and 28.3% had neutropenia and/or some sort of hematological malignancy.…”

“…7,11,12 The first case of invasive infection (ie, endocarditis) caused by Rothia species (namely, R. dentocariosa) was published in 1978. 7 Although infective endocarditis is still the most prevalent type of invasive infection, 13 other clinical syndromes associated with these pathogens, such as bacteremia, 6,14 peritonitis, 15 meningitis, 16 pneumonia, 17 biliary tract infections, 6 skin and soft tissue infections, 18 necrotizing fasciitis, 6 bone and joint infections, 19 and endophtalmitis 20 have also been described.…”

Pneumonia Caused by Rothia mucilaginosa: Case Report

“…Bir başka olguda, eklem protezi olan hastalarda R. mucilaginosa'nın potansiyel virülan gösterebileceğini belirtmişlerdir [7] . Tomczak ve arkadaşları yüzde R. mucilaginosa'nın neden olduğu yumuşak doku infeksiyonu bildirmişlerdir [8] .…”

“…Penisilin, klindamisin ve makrolidlere duyarlı olduğunu ancak kinolonlar ve aminoglikozidlere yüksek düzeyde direnç geliştirdiklerini belirtmişlerdir [3] . Tomzcak çalışmasında, bakterinin penisiline dirençli olduğuna dikkat çekmiştir [8] .…”

Ecological and biotechnological aspects of Aplysina-associated microorganisms

“…We detected one actinobacterial OTU from the Rothia genus, which could successfully grow in numerous cultivation conditions within the Plates and MiniColumns experiments (Figure 8). Rothia strains are regularly isolated from marine sponges (Khan et al, 2011;Abdelmohsen et al, 2014), but also from plants (Xiong et al, 2013) and some species are human pathogens (Tomczak et al, 2013).…”