Rotor health monitoring combining spin tests and data-driven anomaly detection methods

Abstract

Health monitoring is highly dependent on sensor systems that are capable of performing in various engine environmental conditions and able to transmit a signal upon a predetermined crack length, while acting in a neutral form upon the overall performance of the engine system. Efforts are under way at NASA Glenn Research Center through support of the Intelligent Vehicle Health Management Project (IVHM) to develop and implement such sensor technology for a wide variety of applications. These efforts are focused on developing high temperature, wireless, low cost, and durable products. In an effort to address technical issues concerning health monitoring, this article considers data collected from an experimental study using high frequency capacitive sensor technology to capture blade tip clearance and tip timing measurements in a rotating turbine engine-like-disk to detect the disk faults and assess its structural integrity. The experimental results composed at a range of rotational speeds from tests conducted at the NASA Glenn Research Center's Rotordynamics Laboratory are evaluated and integrated into multiple data-driven anomaly detection techniques to identify faults and anomalies in the disk. In summary, this study presents a select evaluation of online health monitoring of a rotating disk using high caliber capacitive sensors and demonstrates the capability of the in-house spin system.

Fault Detection for Turbine Engine Disk Based on One-Class Large Vector-Angular Region and Margin

“…e performance of the proposed fault detection algorithm is evaluated on Disk Defect Data [22,23], which were collected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center's Rotor Dynamics Laboratory. In the experimental testing system, the notch was set on the rim region of the disk.…”

Fault detection for turbine engine disk based on an adaptive kernel principal component analysis algorithm

“…The dataset contains recordings at three different revolutions per minute (RPM) with each RPM representing three states: normal, a disk with a small notch and a disk with a large notch. More details about Disk Defect Data can be found in Abdul-Aziz et al 4,5…”

“…3 Engine is the “heart” of modern commercial aircraft, so fault detection for critical turbine engine components is becoming increasingly important for aircraft engine companies and air transport companies. 4,5 To improve the reliability and safety of the engine system, fault detection technology has become the most critical issue for modern commercial aircraft, which can detect mini cracks and hidden flaws before any catastrophic event occurs.…”

Multi-Parameter Measurement of Rotors Using the Doppler Effect of Frequency-Swept Interferometry

“…Although these machines are designed for different purposes, their running efficiency is mainly determined by the rotor parameters [ 1 , 2 ]. Therefore, the measurement of rotor parameters is of great importance for performance evaluation [ 3 , 4 ], fault diagnostics [ 5 , 6 ], health monitoring [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], fatigue life prediction [ 11 , 12 ], and dynamic control [ 13 , 14 ] of rotating machines.…”