Rotten Apples: An Investigation of the Prevalence and Predictors of Teacher Cheating

Jacob, Brian A.; Levitt, Steven D.

doi:10.3386/w9413

Cited by 364 publications

(389 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As clearly shown in the literature, cheating behaviours are quite common in census based surveys (Jacob and Levitt, 2003). Unfortunately, Italy is not an exception.…”

Section: Data Cleaning: Cheating Detection and Removalmentioning

confidence: 85%

New Technologies and Statistics: Partners for Environmental Monitoring and City Sensing

Borga

Camporese

Iandelli

et al. 2014

Studies in Theoretical and Applied Statistics

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The agricultural investigation of the italian Parliament, published in 1884, also highlighted, especially in reports on individual territorial districts, the importance of chestnut in the italian mountains. Since the early twentieth century are available long time series collected by ISTAT (National Statistics Institute) data on surface and production of the chestnut and foreign trade of the chestnuts. Key words:Role of the chestnut, statistics, multifunctionality, agricultural policy Official statistics and role of the chestnutThe chestnut (Castanea sativa Miller) is the breadfruit and the tree of life that precedes and then accompanies the first man in history. Since Roman times, and even more in the Middle Ages and in Modern times, Italy is the european territory in which the chestnut spreads further contributing increasingly to the survival of the mountaineer.In the second half of the nineteenth century, the widespread presence of chestnut still identifies two particular social and economic situations: "The international poverty and the chestnut" portrays the role of the chestnuts in human nutrition in large parts of the Alps and the Apennines and "The civilization of the chestnut" photographs with a still of the customs, traditions, use of timber, fruit and use rules that govern the lives of many mountaineers from Piemonte to Veneto, from Lombardia to Calabria [1].The agricultural investigation of the italian Parliament, published in 1884-1886, also highlighted, especially in reports on individual territorial districts, the importance of chestnut in the italian mountains [2].Since the early twentieth century are available long time series collected by Ministry of Finance [3] and ISTAT (National Statistics Institute) [4, 5, 6] data on surface and production of the chestnut and foreign trade of the chestnuts.The examination of the many available statistical data to divide the evolution of italian chestnut by the unit to date in four historical periods.Adua Mario, Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT), email: adua@istat.it 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 Years The first period: "the autumn of the patriarch"The first period, from 1901 to 1950, "the autumn of the patriarch", is characterized by a general decrease in cultivation, however, maintains basically stable overall role of the italian mountain agro-forestry. In the early twentieth century, based on the conclusion of the Agricultural cadastre, it began the publishing of annual data of forestry; for 1910 it was estimated a total area in high forest of chestnut of 652 thousand hectares and a production of 607 thousand tons (Fig. 1). In 1911 it was observed the historical maximun of production: 830 thousand tons. In the thirties ISTAT (then Central Statistics Institute) [7] realizes the survey on the cultivation of chestnut in Italy -Years 1934. This survey is the picture sharper and more detailed on the role of the chestnut tree in the agricultural landscape and chestnuts in the diet. The survey shows a total area o...

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“…As clearly shown in the literature, cheating behaviours are quite common in census based surveys (Jacob and Levitt, 2003). Unfortunately, Italy is not an exception.…”

Section: Data Cleaning: Cheating Detection and Removalmentioning

confidence: 85%

New Technologies and Statistics: Partners for Environmental Monitoring and City Sensing

Borga

Camporese

Iandelli

et al. 2014

Studies in Theoretical and Applied Statistics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, previous studies show that the presence of test-based accountability distorts teacher behavior. For example, Jacob and Levitt (2003) provide evidence of teacher cheating on the Iowa Test of Basic Skills in Chicago elementary schools. Dee et al (2011) also show that teachers wanting to help their students, tend to inflate test scores on New York's high school assessment exams.…”

Section: The Jurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Higher Education and Earnings: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from the French Baccalaureate

Canaan

Mouganie

2014

SSRN Journal

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An emerging body of literature examines the economic returns to quality of postsecondary education. This literature has predominantly focused on the returns to the most selective universities. However, less is known about the extent to which these gains are realized for the academically marginal student who does not necessarily attend the most selective of institutions. In this paper, we address this question by exploiting the presence of the Baccalauréat Général (or the General Baccalaureate), a degree that students in France must earn to graduate from secondary school and enroll in postsecondary institutions. The degree is awarded upon passing a series of national exams. Students can retake the exam in the same year but the standards for passing are higher in the first round. Our data links individual-level information on secondary and postsecondary education to labor market outcomes, allowing us to track the complete educational and professional paths of all students in our sample. We use a regression discontinuity design that compares the outcomes of students who marginally pass and fail the first round of the French Baccalaureate exam. Marginally passing increases the likelihood of attending a higher quality university and a STEM major. Threshold crossing also raises earnings by 13.6 percent at the age of 27 to 29. After ruling out other channels that could affect earnings, we conclude that increased access to higher quality postsecondary education leads to a significant earnings premium for academically marginal students.JEL Classification: H52, I21, I28, J24 Keywords: Quality of education, returns to education, regression discontinuity design * We would like to thank Kelly Bedard, Olivier Deschênes, Mark Hoekstra, Scott Imberman, Peter Kuhn, Jason Lindo, Shelly Lundberg, Jonathan Meer, Steven Puller and Heather Royer for their invaluable comments and suggestions. We also thank seminar participants at the Applied-Micro brown bag seminar at Texas A&M University, for helpful comments and discussions. Finally, we would like to thank the staff at the "Centre Maurice Halbwachs" for providing us with the data. All errors are our own.

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“…Power (1997), Strathern (2000) and Osterloh and Frey (2010) analyze the reactivity of persons when they are subjected to audits, rankings, and other assessments. Jacob and Levitt (2003) show that schools subject to standardized tests give them incentives to cheat, such as "teaching to the test", or excluding weak students from attending when the test takes place, or excluding them from the school altogether. Espeland and Saunders (2007) empirically study the response of American business schools to their rankings undermining their usefulness.…”

Section: Proposition 1: As Soon As the Happiness Index Has Become An mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tullock challenges: happiness, revolutions, and democracy

Frey

2011

Public Choice

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Gordon Tullock has been one of the most important founders and contributors to Public Choice. Two innovations are typical "Tullock Challenges". The first relates to method: the measurement of subjective well-being, or happiness. The second relates to digital social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, or to some extent Google. Both innovations lead to strong incentives by the governments to manipulate the policy consequences. In general "What is important, will be manipulated by the government". To restrain government manipulation one has to turn to Constitutional Economics and increase the possibilities for direct popular participation and federalism, or introduce random mechanisms. (99 words)

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Rotten Apples: An Investigation of the Prevalence and Predictors of Teacher Cheating

Cited by 364 publications

References 12 publications

New Technologies and Statistics: Partners for Environmental Monitoring and City Sensing

New Technologies and Statistics: Partners for Environmental Monitoring and City Sensing

Quality of Higher Education and Earnings: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from the French Baccalaureate

Tullock challenges: happiness, revolutions, and democracy

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