1998
DOI: 10.1080/09595239800187001
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Route of drug use and its implications for drug effect, risk of dependence and health consequences

Abstract: Route of administration has a profound, but often overlooked, influence on the actual experience of the drug use itself, on the risk of resulting development of dependence, and on the nature of the harms to which drug users are exposing themselves. These three areas are reviewed. The influence of route of administration on drug effect is considered first with regard to overall effectiveness of absorption, and also with regard to speed of onset of effect. The implications for risk of dependence cover animal and… Show more

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Cited by 84 publications
(68 citation statements)
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“…The patterns also differ with regard to gender, age and social and cultural background. Moreover, substances such as heroin and cocaine can be used by different routes of administration, with different effects on the bioavailability, the risk of dependency and the risk of blood-borne infections [1][2][3]. The different routes of using hard drugs as well as changes have been the subject of several European studies, which were also undertaken due to a decrease in intravenous heroin use and an increase in crack smoking at the beginning of the nineties.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The patterns also differ with regard to gender, age and social and cultural background. Moreover, substances such as heroin and cocaine can be used by different routes of administration, with different effects on the bioavailability, the risk of dependency and the risk of blood-borne infections [1][2][3]. The different routes of using hard drugs as well as changes have been the subject of several European studies, which were also undertaken due to a decrease in intravenous heroin use and an increase in crack smoking at the beginning of the nineties.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Son múltiples los factores que determinan la mayor severidad de la dependencia y mayor prevalencia de autolesiones e intentos de suicidio en los consumidores de PBC en relación a los de CC. La vía de administración pulmonar se ha asociado a adicciones más severas 24,25 ; la PBC contiene una variedad de sustancias tóxicas derivadas de los hidrocarburos 2,26 que pueden tener algún rol en la aparición de las conductas de riesgo asociadas a la adicción. Otro factor reportado en los consumidores de PBC es la mayor disfuncionalidad familiar comparados con los consumidores de CC 14 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…En ese sentido, destacamos la alta frecuencia de consumo en ambos grupos, lo que determina, en la práctica, que estos sujetos estén bajo los efectos de las drogas o recuperándose de ellas de manera casi permanente. El mayor consumo compulsivo de PBC, probablemente, se relaciona a la vía de administración pulmonar de esta droga, que determina mayores y más rápidos niveles plasmáticos de cocaína en comparación a la vía nasal del CC 26,27 . En los consumidores de PBC observamos mayor prevalencia de vida de la mayoría de las conductas de riesgo estudiadas, destacando las …”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Los factores que podrían determinar mayor gravedad de los consumidores de PBC sobre los de CC pueden ser múltiples. La vía de administración pulmonar de PBC, ha sido relacionada con mayor severidad de la adicción 26,27 . La PBC contiene sustancias tóxicas derivadas de hidrocarburos 4 , que pudieran tener algún rol en la severidad de la adicción.…”
Section: Y Pbc Y Conductas De Riesgo En Consumidores No Consultantunclassified